A child with hemophilia arrives at the clinic with a swollen knee after falling off a bicycle. Which action should the nurse implement first?

Type and cross for possible transfusion.

Initiate an IV site and begin infusing normal saline.

Monitor the child's vital signs frequently.

Apply ice pack and compression dressing to knee.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Typing and crossmatching for a possible transfusion is not the immediate priority for a child with hemophilia who has a swollen knee. While a transfusion might be necessary if there is significant bleeding, initial management should focus on controlling the bleeding and minimizing joint damage.

Choice B rationale

Initiating an IV site and beginning infusing normal saline is not the first action to take in this scenario. While IV access might be needed later, immediate measures should focus on controlling bleeding and reducing swelling to prevent further damage to the knee joint.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring the child's vital signs frequently is important, but it is not the first action to take. The priority is to control the bleeding and reduce the swelling, which are the immediate concerns in this situation.

Choice D rationale

Applying an ice pack and compression dressing to the knee is the first action to take. This helps to control bleeding, reduce swelling, and minimize joint damage. This is a crucial step in managing hemophilia-related injuries and should be done immediately upon recognizing a swollen joint.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Breast milk contains antibodies, specifically Immunoglobulin A (IgA), which provide passive immunity to infants and help in fighting off infections. This protective mechanism is especially important in the early months when the infant's immune system is still developing.

Choice B rationale

The immune system of a newborn is immature, particularly in its ability to produce its own antibodies. This immaturity means that newborns rely on passive immunity from the mother, either through the placenta during pregnancy or via breast milk after birth.

Choice C rationale

Infants possess passive immunity during the first few months of life, derived from maternal antibodies transferred through the placenta. This temporary immunity provides a crucial defense against infections until the infant's own immune system becomes more developed and capable of responding to pathogens.

Choice D rationale

While newborns have some level of immune function, it is not fully developed within the first month of life. Active immunity, the body's ability to produce its own antibodies in response to pathogens, takes several months to fully mature. .

A. Return of the uterus to prepregnancy size. B. Stimulation of uterine contractions. C. Activation of the let-down reflex. D. Expulsion of the placenta.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Oxytocin is not involved in returning the uterus to its prepregnancy size. Instead, it helps in uterine contractions, which facilitate the expulsion of the placenta and reduce postpartum bleeding. The process of uterine involution, returning to prepregnancy size, is primarily managed by the natural decline of pregnancy hormones and autolysis of uterine tissue.

Choice B rationale

Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which is its primary function during labor and after delivery. These contractions help deliver the baby during labor and facilitate the expulsion of the placenta. After delivery, oxytocin continues to induce contractions to minimize postpartum hemorrhage and aid uterine involution.

Choice C rationale

Oxytocin can activate the let-down reflex for breastfeeding, but it is not the primary expected outcome when administered IV after delivery. The main goal post-delivery is to manage uterine contractions to prevent hemorrhage and assist in expelling the placenta.

Choice D rationale

While oxytocin assists in expelling the placenta by stimulating contractions, this is not its primary use post-delivery. The placenta typically detaches and is delivered shortly after birth. Oxytocin's main role after delivery is to continue stimulating contractions to reduce bleeding and help the uterus return to a non-pregnant state.

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A child with hemophilia arrives at the clinic with a swollen knee after falling off a bicycle. Which action should the nurse implement first?

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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