The nurse is providing preconception counseling.
Which supplement should the nurse recommend to help prevent the occurrence of anencephaly?

Iron.

Calcium.

Vitamin D.

Folic acid.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Iron is essential for preventing anemia, particularly in pregnant women, but it does not prevent neural tube defects like anencephaly. Iron supports overall maternal and fetal health but is not specific to preventing congenital anomalies.

Choice B rationale

Calcium is crucial for fetal bone development and maternal bone health, but it does not play a role in preventing anencephaly. Adequate calcium intake is important during pregnancy but is not linked to neural tube defect prevention.

Choice C rationale

Vitamin D is important for bone health and immune function but does not prevent neural tube defects. Sufficient vitamin D levels are necessary for the mother's and baby's health but are not related to anencephaly prevention.

Choice D rationale

Folic acid is the correct choice as it has been shown to prevent neural tube defects, including anencephaly and spina bifida. It is recommended that women of childbearing age take folic acid supplements before conception and during early pregnancy to reduce the risk of these congenital anomalies.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Benzocaine otic drops are used for pain relief and do not address the root cause of infections. Regular use without medical advice can lead to masking of symptoms and possibly delay appropriate treatment. The focus should be on preventing infections through other methods like vaccinations and avoiding irritants.

Choice B rationale

Scheduling a visit for the pneumococcal vaccine is appropriate as it can help protect against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common cause of otitis media. Vaccinations are a preventive measure to reduce the frequency and severity of infections in infants and children.

Choice C rationale

Giving the infant the full course of antibiotics is crucial in treating and preventing recurrent infections. Incomplete antibiotic courses can lead to bacterial resistance and recurrence of infections. Caregivers must be educated on the importance of adhering to the prescribed treatment plan.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding smoking inside the house is essential as secondhand smoke is a significant risk factor for otitis media. Smoke can irritate the respiratory system and Eustachian tubes, making infants more susceptible to infections. Caregivers should be advised to maintain a smoke-free environment to protect the child's health.

A. Return of the uterus to prepregnancy size. B. Stimulation of uterine contractions. C. Activation of the let-down reflex. D. Expulsion of the placenta.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Oxytocin is not involved in returning the uterus to its prepregnancy size. Instead, it helps in uterine contractions, which facilitate the expulsion of the placenta and reduce postpartum bleeding. The process of uterine involution, returning to prepregnancy size, is primarily managed by the natural decline of pregnancy hormones and autolysis of uterine tissue.

Choice B rationale

Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which is its primary function during labor and after delivery. These contractions help deliver the baby during labor and facilitate the expulsion of the placenta. After delivery, oxytocin continues to induce contractions to minimize postpartum hemorrhage and aid uterine involution.

Choice C rationale

Oxytocin can activate the let-down reflex for breastfeeding, but it is not the primary expected outcome when administered IV after delivery. The main goal post-delivery is to manage uterine contractions to prevent hemorrhage and assist in expelling the placenta.

Choice D rationale

While oxytocin assists in expelling the placenta by stimulating contractions, this is not its primary use post-delivery. The placenta typically detaches and is delivered shortly after birth. Oxytocin's main role after delivery is to continue stimulating contractions to reduce bleeding and help the uterus return to a non-pregnant state.

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The nurse is providing preconception counseling. Which supplement should the nurse recommend to help prevent the occurrence of anencephaly?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the caregiver of an infant with recurrent otitis media. Which statement made by the caregiver should the nurse recognize as needing additional education about minimizing subsequent infections?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to administer oxytocin IV to a client after the delivery of her infant. Which outcome should the nurse expect from the administration of oxytocin?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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The nurse is providing preconception counseling.
Which supplement should the nurse recommend to help prevent the occurrence of anencephaly?