A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about clients who report using garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba. The charge nurse should identify which of the following as an adverse effect of these supplements?

Increased effects of antidepressant medications

Increased effects of oral anticoagulants

Decreased effects of antianxiety medications

Decreased effects of antihypertensive medication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba do not typically increase the effects of antidepressant medications. Instead, they may interact with other medications and alter their effectiveness.

Choice B reason: Garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba are known to have blood thinning properties, which means they can increase the effects of oral anticoagulants, potentially leading to an increased risk of bleeding.

Choice C reason: There is no widespread evidence to suggest that garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba decrease the effects of antianxiety medications. However, they may interact with other medications and should be used cautiously.

Choice D reason: While garlic has been noted for its potential to lower blood pressure, it is not commonly associated with a decrease in the effects of antihypertensive medications. In fact, it may enhance their blood pressure lowering effects.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Offering the bedpan every 2 hours is not specifically related to preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs) and may not be necessary unless the client has other needs that require frequent toileting.

Choice B reason: Cleansing the perineum from front to back is a standard practice to prevent the spread of bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, which can reduce the risk of UTIs.

Choice C reason: Encouraging fluid intake is crucial for clients with a spinal cord injury because it helps to flush out the urinary tract, preventing the buildup of bacteria that can cause UTIs.

Choice D reason: An indwelling urinary catheter may be necessary for a client with a T4 spinal cord injury who cannot effectively empty the bladder, but it should be used with caution as it can also increase the risk of UTIs. The decision to use an indwelling catheter should be based on a thorough assessment and consideration of all other options.

A. "The normal range for serum creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for females." B. "A GFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m for three months or more suggests chronic kidney disease." C. "Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels should be between 7 and 20 mg/dL." D. "An increase in serum potassium can indicate hyperkalemia, which may be a sign of acute kidney injury."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: The normal range for serum creatinine is indeed 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for females. Serum creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. As kidneys become impaired for any reason, the serum creatinine level rises due to poor clearance by the kidneys.

Choice B reason: A GFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m for three months or more is one of the criteria for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. GFR is a measure of how well the kidneys filter blood, and a lower GFR indicates poorer kidney function.

Choice C reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels should indeed be between 7 and 20 mg/dL. BUN measures the amount of nitrogen in your blood that comes from the waste product urea. Urea is made when protein is broken down in your body. BUN levels can rise with the level of protein in your diet and your kidney function[^10^].

Choice D reason: An increase in serum potassium can indicate hyperkalemia, which may be a sign of acute kidney injury. Potassium is a critical electrolyte, and its levels are tightly regulated by the kidneys. High levels can lead to dangerous heart rhythms.

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A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about clients who report using garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba. The charge nurse should identify which of the following as an adverse effect of these supplements?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

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