A charge nurse is discussing evidence-based practice (EBP) with a newly licensed nurse.
Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing the hierarchy of evidence?

One of the highest levels of evidence are randomized, controlled, double-blind studies.

Ideas, editorials, and opinions are highly valued in determining EBP.

The purpose of the hierarchy of evidence is to help the nurse compare patient values with research findings.

All forms of evidence should be considered equally when.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

One of the highest levels of evidence are randomized, controlled, double-blind studies. This is because these studies reduce the risk of bias and confounding factors by randomly assigning participants to intervention or control groups, blinding the participants and researchers to the group allocation, and using a placebo or standard treatment as a comparison.

Choice B is wrong because ideas, editorials, and opinions are considered low levels of evidence as they are based on personal views and not on rigorous research methods.

Choice C is wrong because the purpose of the hierarchy of evidence is to help the nurse evaluate the quality and strength of the research findings, not to compare patient values with research findings.

Patient values are important for evidence-based practice, but they are not part of the hierarchy of evidence.

Choice D is wrong because all forms of evidence should not be considered equally when determining evidence-based practice. The hierarchy of evidence ranks different types of research designs according to their validity and applicability, and the nurse should use the highest level of evidence available for their clinical question.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of doing no harm or preventing harm to a client. It is based on the Hippocratic oath of “primum non nocere” or “first, do no harm”. It means that the nurse should act in the best interest of the client and avoid any actions that could cause injury or suffering.

Choice B. Fidelity is the ethical principle of being faithful and loyal to a client.

It means that the nurse should keep promises, respect confidentiality, and maintain trust.

Choice C. Justice is the ethical principle of treating clients fairly and equally.

It means that the nurse should distribute resources and services based on the client’s needs and not on personal biases.

Choice D. Autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting a client’s right to make their own decisions.

It means that the nurse should inform the client of their options and support their choices, as long as they do not harm others.

A. Encouraging the client to increase intake of foods that contain high fat to increase GI motility. B. Encouraging the client to increase solid food intake to promote peristalsis. C. Encouraging the client to increase intake of foods that contain fiber. D. Withholding food and oral fluids until intestinal mobility has returned.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Withholding food and oral fluids until intestinal mobility has returned. This is because the client may have postoperative ileus (POI), which is a reduction of gastrointestinal motility after abdominal surgery. POI is characterized by abdominal distension, lack of bowel sounds, accumulation of gas and fluids in the bowel, and delayed passage of flatus and stools.

Giving food and fluids to a client with POI may worsen the condition and cause complications.

Choice A is wrong because high fat foods may slow down GI motility and increase the risk of constipation.

Choice B is wrong because solid food intake may also aggravate POI and cause abdominal discomfort.

Choice C is wrong because fiber intake may increase gas production and distension in the bowel. The nurse should auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds, and if they are present, or the client reports passing flatus, clear fluids can commence, and aperients can be administered. However, bowel sounds are not a reliable indicator of the end of POI, as they may not be associated with the time of first flatus.

Therefore, withholding food and oral fluids until intestinal mobility has returned is the most appropriate action by the nurse.

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A charge nurse is discussing evidence-based practice (EBP) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing the hierarchy of evidence?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A charge nurse is discussing evidence-based practice (EBP) with a newly licensed nurse.
Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing the hierarchy of evidence?