A 60-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain. He is diagnosed with atherosclerosis. This disease results in:
Abnormally dilated arteries and veins
Arterial wall thinning and weakening
Autonomic nervous system imbalances
Abnormal thickening and hardening of vessel walls
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Abnormally dilated arteries and veins are not a result of atherosclerosis. They are a sign of aneurysms or varicose veins, which are caused by different factors.
Choice B reason: Arterial wall thinning and weakening are not a result of atherosclerosis. They are a sign of arteriosclerosis, which is a general term for the loss of elasticity and flexibility of the arteries.
Choice C reason: Autonomic nervous system imbalances are not a result of atherosclerosis. They are a sign of dysautonomia, which is a disorder of the nervous system that affects the regulation of vital functions.
Choice D reason: Abnormal thickening and hardening of vessel walls are a result of atherosclerosis. They are caused by the accumulation of plaque, which is composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, calcium, and other materials.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Albuterol is not used to treat acute allergies. It is a bronchodilator that relaxes the smooth muscles of the airways and improves airflow. Antihistamines are the drugs of choice for acute allergies.
Choice B reason: Albuterol is not used to treat nasal congestion. It is a bronchodilator that acts on the lungs, not the nose. Decongestants are the drugs of choice for nasal congestion.
Choice C reason: Albuterol is not used to treat dyspnea on exertion. It is a bronchodilator that is used for acute or chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dyspnea on exertion is a symptom of various cardiac or pulmonary disorders that require further evaluation and treatment.
Choice D reason: Albuterol is used to treat acute bronchospasm. It is a bronchodilator that quickly relieves the symptoms of bronchoconstriction, such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. It is often prescribed as a rescue inhaler for patients with asthma or COPD.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a physiological response to hydralazine. Cool extremities are a sign of poor peripheral perfusion, which can be caused by vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
Choice B reason: This is not a physiological response to hydralazine. Increased urinary output is a sign of diuresis, which can be caused by diuretic medications, not vasodilators.
Choice C reason: This is not a physiological response to hydralazine. Pale skin is a sign of reduced blood flow to the skin, which can be caused by vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
Choice D reason: This is a physiological response to hydralazine. Reflex tachycardia is a compensatory mechanism that occurs when the blood pressure drops due to vasodilation. The heart rate increases to maintain the cardiac output and perfusion pressure.
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