A 58-year-old man is going to have chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will work.The most accurate explanation the nurse can give is which of the following?
"The molecular structure of the DNA is altered."
"Cancer cells are susceptible to drug toxins."
"Chemotherapy encourages cancer cells to divide."
"Chemotherapy affects all rapidly dividing cells."
The Correct Answer is D
Chemotherapy is a treatment modality used to target and destroy rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells. It works by interfering with the cell division process, which is a characteristic of cancer cells. However, it is important to note that chemotherapy drugs can also affect normal, healthy cells in the body that undergo rapid division, such as cells in the bone marrow, hair follicles, and gastrointestinal lining. This is why chemotherapy can be associated with side effects like bone marrow suppression, hair loss, and gastrointestinal disturbances. While the molecular structure of DNA can be altered by certain chemotherapeutic drugs, this explanation is not comprehensive enough to encompass the overall mechanism of action of chemotherapy.
The statement that "cancer cells are susceptible to drug toxins" is partially true, as cancer cells are generally more vulnerable to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy drugs compared to normal cells.
Chemotherapy aims to disrupt the division and growth of cancer cells rather than promoting their division.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The client's complaint of hemoptysis (coughing up blood) and a positive Mantoux test (4 cm induration) suggest the possibility of tuberculosis (TB) infection. TB is an airborne infectious disease, and placing the client in airborne isolation is necessary to prevent the spread of the infection to others.
Antibiotics may be used to treat tuberculosis, but the initial step would be to isolate the client and confirm the diagnosis before starting specific treatment.
A CT scan may be ordered to further evaluate the client's condition, but it is not the immediate action required in this case. Isolation and confirmation of the diagnosis take priority. While the client may require oxygen therapy based on their respiratory symptoms, it is not the primary action to take at this stage. Isolation and further evaluation are necessary before initiating specific treatments.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The red tag is used to identify patients with critical injuries who require immediate medical attention. These individuals have life-threatening conditions that, with prompt medical intervention, have a higher chance of survival.
The triage color code system typically follows the following priority order:
1. Red tag: Immediate or emergent care needed for life-threatening injuries or conditions.
2. Yellow tag: Urgent care needed for significant injuries or conditions that are not immediately life-threatening.
3. Green tag: Non-urgent care needed for minor injuries or illnesses that can wait for medical treatment.
4. Black tag: Comfort care or deceased, as the injuries or conditions are incompatible with life or resources are not available for treatment.
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