A 58-year-old man is going to have chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will work.The most accurate explanation the nurse can give is which of the following?

"The molecular structure of the DNA is altered."

"Cancer cells are susceptible to drug toxins."

"Chemotherapy encourages cancer cells to divide."

"Chemotherapy affects all rapidly dividing cells."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Chemotherapy is a treatment modality used to target and destroy rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells. It works by interfering with the cell division process, which is a characteristic of cancer cells. However, it is important to note that chemotherapy drugs can also affect normal, healthy cells in the body that undergo rapid division, such as cells in the bone marrow, hair follicles, and gastrointestinal lining. This is why chemotherapy can be associated with side effects like bone marrow suppression, hair loss, and gastrointestinal disturbances. While the molecular structure of DNA can be altered by certain chemotherapeutic drugs, this explanation is not comprehensive enough to encompass the overall mechanism of action of chemotherapy.

The statement that "cancer cells are susceptible to drug toxins" is partially true, as cancer cells are generally more vulnerable to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy drugs compared to normal cells.

Chemotherapy aims to disrupt the division and growth of cancer cells rather than promoting their division.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","G","H"]

Explanation

Low oxygen saturation: Low oxygen saturation indicates a potential respiratory compromise and should be addressed promptly to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent further deterioration.

Previous injection drug user and alcohol misuse: Past injection drug use and alcohol misuse can have significant implications for the patient's health, including increased risk of infections, compromised immune function, and potential withdrawal symptoms. It is crucial for the nurse to be aware of these factors in order to provide appropriate care and support. Has productive cough severe enough to keep her awake: A severe productive cough that disrupts the patient's sleep suggests respiratory distress or possible worsening of the underlying condition. The nurse should assess the patient's respiratory status and implement interventions to alleviate the cough and improve rest.

Elevated temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate: An elevation in vital signs, including temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate, can indicate an infectious or inflammatory process. This warrants further assessment and intervention to manage the underlying condition. Diagnosis pneumonia: The diagnosis of pneumonia indicates a respiratory infection that requires close monitoring and appropriate treatment. The nurse should assess the patient's respiratory status, administer prescribed medications, and implement respiratory hygiene measures.

The following options are not immediate concerns or relevant assessment information:

Appointment the next day: While follow-up appointments are important, they do not require immediate attention upon receiving a hand-off report.

Marital status: Marital status is not typically an immediate concern for the nurse's assessment and care planning.

Daughter's name: The patient's family member's name is not an immediate concern or relevant assessment information for the nurse's immediate care.

Fever is present: While a fever is a symptom of an underlying condition, it is not the most critical concern.

A. Dysrhythmias B. Hypertension C. Muscle rigidity of jaw and upper chest D. Tachypnea E. Skin mottling F. High body temperature

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F"]

Explanation

Muscle rigidity is a hallmark sign of malignant hyperthermia. It commonly affects the muscles of the jaw and upper chest.

Malignant hyperthermia can lead to rapid and shallow breathing, resulting in tachypnea. Malignant hyperthermia is characterized by a significant increase in body temperature, often exceeding 38.8°C (101.8°F).

Malignant hyperthermia can cause irregular heart rhythms or dysrhythmias, including tachycardia or arrhythmias.

The manifestations of hypertension and skin mottling are not typically associated with malignant hyperthermia. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is more commonly seen in conditions such as hypertensive emergencies or certain cardiovascular disorders. Skin mottling, which refers to irregular or patchy skin coloration, is not a specific manifestation of malignant hyperthermia.

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A 58-year-old man is going to have chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will work.The most accurate explanation the nurse can give is which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After receiving a hand-off report what assessment information is the most important and immediate concern for the nurse? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","G","H"]

Explanation

Which manifestations would the nurse expect for a client with a history of malignant hyperthermia (MH)? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F"]

Explanation

Select Dropdowns: Aminoglycosides work by binding to the dropdown which prevents dropdown

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is diagnosed with pneumonia. The client has been on a long-term regimen of methylprednisolone. Which precautions should the nurse take to prevent complications? Select all that apply.

Which condition or changes indicate to the nurse that a patient with a tracheostomy requires suctioning? Select all that apply.

What signs and symptoms are associated with a hypersensitivity reaction that can present with a Cephalosporin?

The nurse caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) would include which information in teaching about triggers that can result in an exacerbation of the disease?

The nurse determines that teaching for the patient with peptic ulcer disease has been effective when the patient makes which statement?

The patient who is confined to bed in the supine position has gained 5 lbs. in the last 48 hours. In which area does the nurse assess skin turgor for accurate determination of dependent edema?

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about antihistamines. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the mechanism of action of the antihistamines?