Select Dropdowns: Aminoglycosides work by binding to the
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"B"}
Aminoglycosides work by binding to the 30S subunit; this binding interferes with the bacterial ribosome's ability to synthesize proteins. By inhibiting protein synthesis, aminoglycosides disrupt bacterial growth and can lead to bacterial cell death.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The pH value of 7.5 indicates alkalosis, as it is above the normal range of 7.35-7.45. The elevated bicarbonate (HCO3-) level of 34 mmol/L suggests metabolic alkalosis, as it is higher than the normal range of 22-28 mmol/L. The PaCO2 level of 40 mm Hg falls within the normal range of 35-45 mm Hg.
In this case, the primary disturbance is metabolic alkalosis, which is likely caused by the persistent vomiting leading to excessive loss of gastric acid (hydrogen ions) and chloride ions from the stomach. This loss of acid and chloride results in an imbalance of electrolytes and an increase in bicarbonate levels, leading to metabolic alkalosis.
Since there is no significant deviation from the normal range in the PaCO2 level, the respiratory system has not effectively compensated for the metabolic alkalosis. Therefore, it is considered uncompensated.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Cephalosporins are similar to another group of beta-lactam antibiotics called the Penicillins. Both cephalosporins and penicillins belong to the beta-lactam class of antibiotics, which share a similar structure and mechanism of action. They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to specific proteins called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell death. This shared mechanism of action makes cephalosporins and penicillins similar in their antibacterial effects.
On the other hand, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides are different classes of antibiotics with distinct structures and mechanisms of action. They work through different mechanisms to inhibit bacterial growth and have different spectrums of activity compared to beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins and penicillins.
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