A 30 weeks' gestation neonate born with low Apgar scores is in the neonatal intensive care unit with respiratory distress syndrome and underwent an exchange transfusion for anemia. Which factors place the neonate at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis? Select all that apply

hyperthermia

low Apgar scores

preterm birth

respiratory distress syndrome

exchange transfusion

hyperglycemia

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E

A.   Hyperthermia is not typically associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.
B.   Low Apgar scores indicate that the baby had difficulty adapting to life outside the womb and may have suffered from hypoxia or acidosis.
C.   Preterm birth is a significant risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis.
D.   Respiratory distress syndrome is associated with prematurity and is a risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis.
E.   Exchange transfusion, a procedure often performed in neonates with severe jaundice or anemia, is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.
F.   Hyperglycemia is not typically associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. In small-for-gestational age infants, kangaroo care may increase heat loss due to evaporation, conduction, or convection from the parent's skin or clothing. The nurse should minimize kangaroo care and use other methods of warming such as radiant warmers, incubators, or swaddling.
B. Assessing the axillary temperature regularly helps monitor the infant's temperature and response to interventions.
C. Encouraging skin-to-skin contact helps promote thermal regulation and bonding between the infant and parents. Unlike kangaroo care, skin-to-skin contact does not involve covering the infant with clothing or blankets, which can reduce heat loss by radiation or convection. The nurse should encourage skin-to-skin contact when possible and monitor the infant's temperature closely.
D. Assessing the environment for sources of heat loss is important for minimizing heat loss and promoting thermal regulation.
E. Reviewing maternal history can provide insights into potential risk factors or contributing factors to the infant's condition, such as maternal age, parity, weight, height, nutrition, smoking, alcohol, drug use, chronic diseases, infections, placental abnormalities, fetal anomalies, or complications during pregnancy or delivery.
F. Bathing the neonate with warmer water may increase the risk of overheating and should be avoided in infants at risk of thermal instability.

A. A lack of fully developed hearing B. A less discriminating sense of touch C. Visual acuity that has not fully developed D. A less discriminating sense of taste

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hearing is not directly related to the risk of accidental ingestion.
B. Touch is not typically involved in the identification of substances for ingestion.
C. Visual acuity plays a role in identifying substances but may not directly influence the risk of accidental ingestion.
D. At the age of 3, children may have a less discriminating sense of taste, making them more likely to put potentially harmful substances in their mouths.

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A 30 weeks' gestation neonate born with low Apgar scores is in the neonatal intensive care unit with respiratory distress syndrome and underwent an exchange transfusion for anemia. Which factors place the neonate at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis? Select all that apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A small-for-gestational age infant is admitted to the observational care unit with the nursing diagnosis of ineffective thermoregulation related to lack of fat stores as evidenced by persistent low temperatures. Which are appropriate nursing interventions? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is providing teaching about accidental poisoning to the family of a 3-year-old. The nurse understands that a child of this age is at increased risk of accidental ingestion due to which sensory alteration?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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