A 3-month-old is admitted with severe diarrhea. Yesterday, the infant weighed 11 pounds (5 kg). Today, this infant weighs 9 pounds, 8 ounces (4.3 kg). Based on this information the nurse documents that the infant has:
Severe dehydration.
Risk for fluid volume deficit.
Failure to thrive.
Malabsorption syndrome
The Correct Answer is A
A. A weight loss of 10% or more in infants within a short period is indicative of severe dehydration. The significant weight loss from 5 kg to 4.3 kg confirms this diagnosis.
B. The risk for fluid volume deficit would be noted if there were signs of potential dehydration, but in this case, the infant has already lost a significant amount of weight, confirming severe dehydration.
C. Failure to thrive is a diagnosis related to insufficient weight gain over time, rather than acute weight loss due to dehydration.
D. Malabsorption syndrome could contribute to chronic weight loss, but the acute loss in this case is more likely due to dehydration from diarrhea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["3.6"]
Explanation
To calculate the dosage of digoxin for the child, first convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms, knowing that 1 kilogram equals 2.2 pounds. The child weighs 66 pounds, which is approximately 30 kilograms (66 ÷ 2.2). The prescribed dose is 12 micrograms per kilogram per day, which equals 360 micrograms per day (12 mcg × 30 kg). Since the dose is divided every 12 hours, the child should receive 180 micrograms every 12 hours. The digoxin elixir is available at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL, which is the same as 50 micrograms per milliliter. To find out how many milliliters to administer per dose, divide the dose in micrograms by the concentration: 180 mcg ÷ 50 mcg/mL equals 3.6 mL.
Correct Answer is ["83"]
Explanation
To calculate the infusion rate, you would divide the total volume of IV fluid (1,000 mL) by the number of hours over which the infusion is to be delivered (12 hours). This results in an infusion rate of 83.33 mL/hr. When rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 83 mL/hr.
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