A 25-year-old patient with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department with severe shortness of breath, wheezing, and accessory muscle use. Despite initial treatment with albuterol and oxygen, the patient's condition has not improved. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient's asthma exacerbation?

Initiate broad-spectrum antibiotics

Increase the frequency of albuterol nebulizations

Administer intravenous magnesium sulfate

Administer subcutaneous epinephrine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Antibiotics are not indicated in the treatment of an asthma exacerbation unless there is a confirmed bacterial infection, which is not suggested here.

B.   Increasing the frequency of albuterol nebulizations may be appropriate, but more aggressive interventions are required, as the patient has not improved with initial treatment.
C.   Intravenous magnesium sulfate is often used in severe asthma exacerbations to help relax the muscles around the airways, making it a more appropriate next step for this patient.
D.   Subcutaneous epinephrine can be used for anaphylaxis but is not the first-line treatment for asthma exacerbations.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Paresthesia, or abnormal sensations such as tingling or numbness, is a common symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis due to nerve damage.
B. Nausea and vomiting are not typical symptoms of multiple sclerosis but may occur in specific cases due to other complications.
C. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can occur in multiple sclerosis as a result of nerve damage affecting the muscles involved in swallowing.
D. Spasticity, or muscle stiffness, is common in multiple sclerosis due to damage to the nerve pathways that control muscle movement.
E. Vertigo, or dizziness, is a frequent symptom of multiple sclerosis due to lesions in the brainstem affecting balance.

Correct Answer is ["320"]

Explanation

Net fluid balance = Total intake - Total output

Rationale:

Total intake:

IV fluids: 1,000 mL

Antibiotic infusion: 250 mL

Oral intake: 3 cups x 240 mL = 720 mL

Total intake = 1,000 + 250 + 720 = 1,970 mL Total output:

Urine: 1,200 mL

Vomiting: 300 mL Wound drainage: 150 mL

Total output = 1,200 + 300 + 150 = 1,650 mL

Net fluid balance = 1,970 mL - 1,650 mL = +320 mL

The patient has a positive fluid balance of 320 mL.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["320"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A patient with a severe bacterial infection has been prescribed a continuous IV infusion of an antibiotic at a rate of 5 mg/kg/hour. The patient weighs 72 kg. The pharmacy provides the antibiotic in a concentration of 400 mg/100 mL what will be the infusion rate?

Which of the following common characteristics of nonallergic asthma can the nurse expect to find when assessing an adult client? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has long-term symptoms of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the educational materials?

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is experiencing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize is associated with the development of PML?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about factors that can worsen their manifestations. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching?

A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?