A 25-year-old patient with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department with severe shortness of breath, wheezing, and accessory muscle use. Despite initial treatment with albuterol and oxygen, the patient's condition has not improved. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient's asthma exacerbation?

Initiate broad-spectrum antibiotics

Increase the frequency of albuterol nebulizations

Administer intravenous magnesium sulfate

Administer subcutaneous epinephrine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Antibiotics are not indicated in the treatment of an asthma exacerbation unless there is a confirmed bacterial infection, which is not suggested here.

B.   Increasing the frequency of albuterol nebulizations may be appropriate, but more aggressive interventions are required, as the patient has not improved with initial treatment.
C.   Intravenous magnesium sulfate is often used in severe asthma exacerbations to help relax the muscles around the airways, making it a more appropriate next step for this patient.
D.   Subcutaneous epinephrine can be used for anaphylaxis but is not the first-line treatment for asthma exacerbations.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Peptic ulcer disease is possible, but the patient's NSAID use and positive H. pylori antibodies suggest a more specific cause related to gastritis.
B. Acute gastritis due to NSAID use is likely since NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers.
C. Functional dyspepsia is less likely given the presence of H. pylori antibodies, which typically indicate an active infection.
D. Chronic gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori infection is the most likely diagnosis, especially with the combination of NSAID use and positive H. pylori antibodies.

A. Initiate high-intensity weight-bearing exercises. B. Increase dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D supplements. C. Avoid all physical activity to prevent further joint damage. D. Apply heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. High-intensity weight-bearing exercises can exacerbate pain in patients with osteoarthritis and is not appropriate for alleviating knee stiffness.
B. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is important for bone health, but it will not directly address the pain and stiffness associated with osteoarthritis.
C. Avoiding physical activity is not recommended for osteoarthritis; instead, moderate exercise can help improve joint function.
D. Applying heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity is an effective method for alleviating stiffness and promoting mobility. Heat helps relax muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which considerations are important to ensure safe and effective oxygen administration for this patient? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about factors that can worsen their manifestations. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching?

A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?

A 60-year-old patient with a history of hypertension presents to the clinic for a routine check-up. Which of the following findings would indicate poor management of hypertension? (Select All that Apply.)

A 58-year-old male with a new diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is being educated on lifestyle modifications to manage his condition. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate to recommend? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a patient with a gastrostomy tube. Before starting the feeding, which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure patient safety?

A 58-year-old male patient with a history of colon cancer has developed jaundice. Which laboratory finding would most likely suggest liver metastasis as the cause of the jaundice?

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition via a gastrostomy tube. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent complications associated with enteral feeding? (Select All that Apply.)