A 17-year old was injured after diving into shallow water. He was transported to the emergency department where imaging indicated he suffered a spinal cord injury. Based on this information, what mechanism likely caused the spinal cord injury?
hyperextension
compression
flexion-rotation
flexion
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Rationale: hyperextension is when the neck is bent backward beyond its normal range of motion. This can happen in a rear-end collision or a fall on the back of the head.
Choice B Rationale: A spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord or the surrounding structures, such as the vertebrae, ligaments, or discs. The most common cause of spinal cord injury is trauma, which can result from direct impact, penetration, or excessive force on the spine. Diving into shallow water can cause compression of the spine, which means that the vertebrae are pushed together and squeeze the spinal cord. This can damage the nerve fibers and disrupt the communication between the brain and the body. Compression injuries can affect any part of the spine, but are more common in the cervical and thoracic regions.
Choice C Rationale: flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time. This can happen in a sports injury or a violent assault.
Choice D Rationale: This is when the neck is bent forward beyond its normal range of motion. This can cause the posterior part of the vertebral column to compress and fracture, while the anterior part of the spinal cord is stretched and injured. This can happen in a head-on collision or a fall on the face. A flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Rationale: A person who makes up stories when he is unable to remember actual events is confabulating. This can be seen as a way of filling in the blanks in their memory with plausible details that may or may not have happened. For example, a person with dementia may confabulate that they had lunch with a friend yesterday, when in fact they did not see anyone.
Choice B Rationale: reminiscing about the past, which is a normal and healthy way of recalling one's life experiences and sharing them with others.
Choice C Rationale: displaying compulsive and ritualistic behaviors, which are repetitive actions that a person feels compelled to perform, often as a way of reducing anxiety or distress.
Choice D Rationale: refusing to leave home to see a provider, which is a sign of agoraphobia, a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or embarrassing.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Rationale: Keeping window blinds open during the day is a non pharmacological approach to help regulate the patient's circadian rhythm and may reduce the severity of sundowning, a common phenomenon in dementia.
Choice B Rationale: Having the patient take a mid-morning nap may disrupt the patient's sleep-wake cycle and worsen sundowning.
Choice C Rationale: Providing hourly orientation to time and place may be overwhelming for the patient and not necessarily effective in addressing sundowning.
Choice D Rationale: Moving the patient to a quiet room in the afternoon may not address the underlying issue of sundowning and may not be practical in a long-term care setting.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today