A 17-year old was injured after diving into shallow water. He was transported to the emergency department where imaging indicated he suffered a spinal cord injury. Based on this information, what mechanism likely caused the spinal cord injury?
hyperextension
compression
flexion-rotation
flexion
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Rationale: hyperextension is when the neck is bent backward beyond its normal range of motion. This can happen in a rear-end collision or a fall on the back of the head.
Choice B Rationale: A spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord or the surrounding structures, such as the vertebrae, ligaments, or discs. The most common cause of spinal cord injury is trauma, which can result from direct impact, penetration, or excessive force on the spine. Diving into shallow water can cause compression of the spine, which means that the vertebrae are pushed together and squeeze the spinal cord. This can damage the nerve fibers and disrupt the communication between the brain and the body. Compression injuries can affect any part of the spine, but are more common in the cervical and thoracic regions.
Choice C Rationale: flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time. This can happen in a sports injury or a violent assault.
Choice D Rationale: This is when the neck is bent forward beyond its normal range of motion. This can cause the posterior part of the vertebral column to compress and fracture, while the anterior part of the spinal cord is stretched and injured. This can happen in a head-on collision or a fall on the face. A flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Rationale: Stage 3 of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by increased memory deficits, but the behavior of filling in information with made-up stories is more commonly associated with the earlier stages.
Choice B Rationale: Stage 2 of Alzheimer's disease involves progressive cognitive decline but may not necessarily manifest with the specific behavior described.
Choice C Rationale: Stage 1 of Alzheimer's disease typically has mild cognitive changes, but the behavior mentioned is more indicative of the later stages.
Choice D Rationale: The early stage of Alzheimer's disease may involve the emergence of confabulation, where clients fill in gaps in memory with fabricated stories or information.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A Rationale: Understanding the expected physiological changes of Alzheimer's disease can help the caregiver better cope with the client's behaviors and needs.
Choice B Rationale: Teaching actions to reduce stress is important for both the caregiver and the client, as stress can exacerbate behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.
Choice C Rationale: Referring to available community resources can provide valuable support and assistance to both the caregiver and the client.
Choice D Rationale: Identifying a social support system is essential for the caregiver to have emotional and practical support while caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease.
Choice E Rationale: While medication administration is important, it may not be the primary focus of coping strategies for the caregiver.
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