Your patient is allergic to penicillin. He may also have a cross-allergy to which class of antibiotics?

Aminoglycosides

Sulfonamides

Macrolides

Cephalosporins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Aminoglycosides: Aminoglycosides are a separate class of antibiotics with a different chemical structure than penicillins. There is no known cross-allergy between penicillins and aminoglycosides.
B. Sulfonamides: Sulfonamides are also a different class of antibiotics, and there is no significant cross-allergy risk with penicillins. However, individuals with allergies to sulfonamide medications may have a higher risk of allergic reactions to other sulfonamide-containing drugs, but this is unrelated to penicillin allergy.
C. Macrolides: Macrolides, such as erythromycin and azithromycin, have a different chemical structure than penicillins, and cross-allergy between penicillins and macrolides is rare. They are considered alternative antibiotic options for patients with penicillin allergies.
D. Cephalosporins: Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics structurally and chemically related to penicillins. There is a risk of cross-allergy between penicillins and cephalosporins due to their similar beta-lactam ring structure. However, the extent of cross-reactivity varies among different cephalosporins and individual patient sensitivities. It's essential to assess the severity of the penicillin allergy and consider alternative antibiotics if cross-allergy is a concern.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Liver enzymes/ LFTs: Correct. Isoniazid (INH) is hepatotoxic and can cause liver damage. Monitoring liver function tests (LFTs) helps detect hepatotoxicity early.
B. PT and PTT: These tests measure blood clotting and are not directly affected by INH.
C. BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) measures kidney function, and while it is important, INH primarily affects the liver.
D. CBC: Complete Blood Count (CBC) is useful for overall health but not specifically for monitoring INH therapy.

A. A drug-resistant infection B. An infection caused by a weakened immune system C. AN infection that is difficult to treat D. A secondary infection that occurs when microorganisms normally present in the body are killed by the drug

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A drug-resistant infection: This is not specific to superinfections.
B. An infection caused by a weakened immune system: While a weakened immune system can increase susceptibility to infections, it doesn't directly define a superinfection.
C. An infection that is difficult to treat: Difficulty in treatment can occur with various infections, not just superinfections.
D. A secondary infection that occurs when microorganisms normally present in the body are killed by the drug used to treat another infection: This accurately describes a superinfection. When antibiotics are used, they might eliminate some beneficial bacteria along with the target infection. This can allow other organisms to overgrow, causing a new infection (superinfection).

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Your patient is allergic to penicillin. He may also have a cross-allergy to which class of antibiotics?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The patient with tuberculosis is now on isoniazid (INH). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is discussing treatment for a superinfection with a client and family members. The family asks the nurse what a superinfection is. What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Acquired resistance is:

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