Within three days of birth, a newborn has developed a yellowish tinge that extends from the face to mid-chest is lethargic, and has to be awakened to feed. Which condition does the nurse suspect this infant is manifesting?

Physiologic jaundice

Pathologic jaundice

Breast milk jaundice

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Pathologic jaundice. This type of jaundice occurs within the first 24 hours of birth and is caused by an underlying health condition, such as blood type incompatibility, infection, or liver problems. It can lead to serious complications, such as brain damage, if not treated promptly. Pathologic jaundice requires medical attention and often involves phototherapy or blood transfusion to lower the bilirubin levels in the baby's blood.

Choice A is not correct because physiologic jaundice is a normal and harmless condition that affects most newborns. It usually appears between the second and fourth day after birth and resolves by the second week. It is caused by the immature liver's inability to process bilirubin efficiently.

Choice C is not correct because breast milk jaundice is a rare condition that affects some breastfed babies. It usually appears after the first week of life and lasts up to a month or longer. It is caused by a substance in breast milk that interferes with the liver's ability to eliminate bilirubin.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Precipitous birth

This is because precipitous birth, which is defined as a labor that lasts less than three hours from the onset of contractions to delivery, is a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. This is because the uterus may not contract well after a rapid delivery, leading to uterine atony and bleeding. Other risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage include uterine overdistension, oxytocin use, placental abruption, placenta previa, infection, coagulation disorders, and previous history of postpartum hemorrhage.

Choice A is not correct because gestational hypertension is not a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. It is a condition that causes high blood pressure during pregnancy and can lead to complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, and placental abruption³.

Choice B is not correct because small for gestational age newborn is not a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. It is a condition that indicates that the baby's growth was restricted in the womb and weighs less than 90% of other babies of the same gestational age. It can be caused by maternal factors, placental factors, or fetal factors⁴.

Choice C is not correct because a two-vessel umbilical cord is not a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. It is a condition that occurs when the umbilical cord has only one artery and one vein instead of the normal two arteries and one vein. It can be associated with congenital anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, and stillbirth.

A. Squeeze out the white material after cleansing the face. B. Contact a pediatric dermatologist for topical medication C. Leave the milia alone: it will disappear spontaneously. No treatment is needed. D. Wash the baby's face with a mild astringent several times a day.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Leave the milia alone: it will disappear spontaneously. No treatment is needed. Milia are small, white cysts that form on the skin, usually on the face, nose, or cheeks of newborns. They are harmless and very common, affecting about half of all healthy infants. They are caused by dead skin cells trapped in pockets of the skin or mouth. They are not a type of acne and are not related to breastfeeding or formula feeding. They usually go away on their own within a few weeks or months without any intervention.

Choice A is incorrect because squeezing out the white material can damage the skin and cause infection or scarring.

Choice B is incorrect because contacting a pediatric dermatologist is unnecessary and expensive for a benign condition that resolves by itself.

Choice D is incorrect because washing the baby's face with a mild astringent can irritate the skin and make the milia worse.

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Within three days of birth, a newborn has developed a yellowish tinge that extends from the face to mid-chest is lethargic, and has to be awakened to feed. Which condition does the nurse suspect this infant is manifesting?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who experienced a vaginal birth 2 hr ago. The nurse should identify which of the following findings places the client at risk for a postpartum hemorrhage.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Parents express concern about the milia on the face and nose of their baby. The nurse's most helpful response would be to instruct the parents to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 hr postpartum. The nurse finds a small amount of lochia rubra on the client's perineal pad. The fundus is midline and firm at the umbilicus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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A new mother of a newborn girl calls the clinic in a panic, concerned about the blood-tinged soiled diaper. What is the best response from the nurse?

Within three days of birth, a newborn has developed a yellowish tinge that extends from the face to mid-chest is lethargic, and has to be awakened to feed. Which condition does the nurse suspect this infant is manifesting?

To prevent possible retinopathy in a preterm infant requiring oxygen therapy, the nurse will: