The nurse is caring for a new mother and newborn in a rooming-in unit and watches the mother put the infant in the bed, lying on her side, propped up with a pillow. The nurse should point out that this position can increase the risk of which situation?
Gastroesophageal reflux
Sudden infant death syndrome
Apnea episodes
Sleeping for short intervals
The Correct Answer is B
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexplained death of an infant under one year of age. SIDS is more likely to occur when infants sleep on their stomachs or sides, or when they are propped up with pillows or other soft bedding. These positions can interfere with the infant's breathing and increase the risk of suffocation or overheating .
Choice A is incorrect because gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common condition in infants that causes them to spit up frequently after feeding. GER does not increase the risk of SIDS and can be managed by feeding smaller amounts, burping the infant often, and keeping them upright for a while after feeding.
Choice C is incorrect because apnea episodes are brief pauses in breathing that occur normally in infants, especially during sleep. Apnea episodes do not increase the risk of SIDS and usually resolve by six months of age.
Choice D is incorrect because sleeping for short intervals is normal for newborns, who need to feed frequently during the day and night. Sleeping for short intervals does not increase the risk of SIDS and will gradually change as the infant grows older.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Fundus firm, at the level of the umbilicus. This is because the normal postpartum uterine fundus location should be around the belly button (umbilicus) one hour after delivery and then decrease by 1 cm per 24 hours. A firm fundus indicates that the uterus is contracting well and preventing bleeding.
Choice A is wrong because a soft fundus indicates uterine atony, which is a risk factor for hemorrhage.
Choice C is wrong because the fundus should not be above the umbilicus 12 hours after delivery.
Choice D is wrong because a fundus to the right of the umbilicus indicates a full bladder, which can displace the uterus and cause bleeding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Wash hands before touching each baby. This is because hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent infection transmission in the nursery. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after every patient contact, as well as before and after wearing gloves or handling equipment. Hand hygiene can be done by washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rubs.
Choice A is not correct because adjusting room temperature between 75°F and 80°F is not a measure to protect newborns from infection. The room temperature should be maintained within a comfortable range for newborns, but it does not affect infection risk.
Choice B is not correct because wearing a disposable gown when giving infant care is not a measure to protect newborns from infection. Disposable gowns are part of contact precautions, which are used for patients with known or suspected infections that can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. They are not necessary for routine infant care.
Choice C is not correct because keeping the newborn dressed warmly is not a measure to protect newborns from infection. Keeping the newborn dressed warmly can help prevent heat loss and hypothermia, but it does not affect infection risk.
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