Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen?
Passive immunity
Innate immunity
Active immunity
Acquired immunity
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: Active immunity. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen, either through natural infection or vaccination. It results in the production of memory cells that provide long-term protection against future exposures to the same pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. It provides immediate but temporary protection and does not involve the production of memory cells.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and provides immediate, non-specific protection, but it does not involve the production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen.
d. Acquired immunity is a general term that includes both active and passive immunity, but it does not specifically describe the type of immunity acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation:Destroying infected cells. Antibodies are produced by B cells in response to a specific pathogen and play a crucial role in identifying and neutralizing the invading pathogens, including infected cells.
Incorrect choices:
b. Attracting white blood cells to the site of infection is not the primary role of antibodies. White blood cells are attracted to the site of infection by chemical signals released by damaged tissues or pathogens.
c. Antibodies do not produce hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands to regulate various bodily functions.
d. Antibodies do not regulate body temperature. Body temperature regulation is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Immune disorders can result from either an overactive immune system (autoimmune disorders) or an underactive immune system (immunodeficiency disorders). In autoimmune disorders, the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, while in immunodeficiency disorders, the immune system is weakened, making the individual more susceptible to infections.
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