How do B cells recognize antigens during the immune response?
By engulfing and processing pathogens.
By producing cytokines to activate immune cells.
By secreting antibodies that bind to specific antigens.
By directly attacking and killing infected cells.
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: B cells recognize antigens by producing specific receptors on their cell surface, known as antibodies or immunoglobulins. When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific antibody, it binds to the antigen, marking it for destruction or neutralization by other immune cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. Engulfing and processing pathogens is the role of antigen-presenting cells like macrophages and dendritic cells. These cells present processed antigens to other immune cells, including B cells, to trigger an immune response.
b. Cytokines are small proteins that serve as signaling molecules in the immune system. They are produced by various immune cells to regulate immune responses, but they are not directly involved in antigen recognition by B cells.
d. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, not B cells during the humoral immune response.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and tender points in specific areas of the body, such as the neck, shoulders, back, and hips.
Incorrect choices:
a. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple organs and systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system.
c. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, causing symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and coordination problems.
d. Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to dry eyes and dry mouth.
True or False: Immune disorders can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.
Explanation: Immune disorders can result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Some individuals may have a genetic susceptibility to developing certain immune disorders, and exposure to certain environmental factors, such as infections or certain substances, can trigger the immune response leading to the development of the disorder.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for adolescents to protect against certain types of HPV infections, which can lead to cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and throat cancers.
Incorrect choices:
a. The hepatitis B vaccine is typically given in infancy and does not protect against certain types of cancer.
b. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for people of all ages to prevent the flu, not certain types of cancer.
d. The meningococcal vaccine protects against meningococcal infections, not certain types of cancer.
Conclusion xx
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