Which statements by the patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes show understanding of instruction related to leading a healthy life and preventing complications? Select all that apply
"I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates."
"I must check my feet daily."
"I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop."
"I should have a yearly eye exam.”
"I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dl.”
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. "I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates": A balanced diet including carbohydrates is essential for energy. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and choosing complex carbohydrates.
B. "I must check my feet daily": Regular foot inspections help prevent complications such as ulcers and infections, which are common in diabetes.
C. "I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop": Exercise is important for managing diabetes, but clients should monitor blood sugar levels before and after exercising and have a carbohydrate source available to prevent hypoglycemia.
D. "I should have a yearly eye exam": Annual eye exams are necessary to detect diabetic retinopathy early.
E. "I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dL": This goal aligns with ADA recommendations for glycemic control in diabetes management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Has no peak: NPH insulin has a distinct peak time, unlike long-acting insulins such as glargine or detemir, which have no peak.
B. 4 to 14 hr: NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin with an onset of 1-2 hours, a peak between 4-14 hours, and a duration of 16-24 hours.
C. 1 to 5 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of short-acting insulins such as regular insulin.
D. 30 min to 3 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of rapid-acting insulins such as lispro, aspart, or glulisine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Check the client for hypoglycemia 4 hr after the insulin lispro injection: Insulin lispro is rapid-acting, with a peak effect 1-2 hours after administration. Monitoring for hypoglycemia should focus on this timeframe, not 4 hours later.
B. Inject insulin lispro 15 min before a meal: Insulin lispro has an onset of action of about 15 minutes, making it ideal to administer shortly before meals to match glucose absorption and prevent postprandial hyperglycemia.
C. Administer insulin lispro in the same syringe as a short-acting insulin: Mixing insulin lispro with other insulins is not recommended; each type has specific mixing guidelines, and lispro is typically given alone.
D. Monitor the client for polyuria after the insulin lispro injection: Polyuria is a symptom of hyperglycemia, not an expected finding after insulin administration. Insulin lispro should reduce hyperglycemia and associated symptoms.
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