Which principle(s) would be included when teaching a patient to use a steroid inhaler? (Select All that Apply.)

Rinse and spit after inhalation of the medication.

Bronchodilators should be administered before steroid inhalers.

The inhaler should be used on a PRN basis only.

Frequent oral hygiene is necessary.

Hold the breath for 10 seconds during inhalation of the medication.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

A.   Rinsing the mouth and spitting after using a steroid inhaler is essential to prevent oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids. This practice helps clear residual medication from the mouth and throat, reducing the risk of fungal infections.
B.   Bronchodilators, such as short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs), should be used before steroid inhalers. The bronchodilator opens the airways, allowing the steroid to reach deeper into the lungs for better efficacy.
C.   While some inhalers (like rescue inhalers) may be used on a PRN basis, steroid inhalers are typically prescribed for regular, daily use to manage inflammation and control chronic conditions like asthma or COPD. They are not intended for PRN use only.
D.   Frequent oral hygiene helps to reduce the risk of oral thrush and other oral health issues associated with steroid use. Patients should be encouraged to maintain good oral hygiene practices while using inhaled steroids.
E.   Holding the breath for about 10 seconds after inhalation allows for better medication absorption in the lungs. This practice helps maximize the efficacy of the inhaled medication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The ASO titer is a blood test used to detect streptococcal infections, particularly post-streptococcal sequelae like rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis. It is not related to tuberculosis.
B. The Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) test, also known as the tuberculin skin test (TST), is specifically used to identify exposure to the tuberculosis bacteria. If a person has been exposed, the immune system will react to the PPD injection, causing a localized skin reaction that can be measured after 48-72 hours.
C. While a chest X-ray is an important tool for diagnosing active tuberculosis or assessing lung involvement, it is not the initial test for determining exposure to TB. It is usually ordered after a positive PPD test or when there are clinical symptoms of TB.
D. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a nonspecific marker of inflammation and infection in the body. It does not specifically indicate exposure to tuberculosis and is not used for TB testing.

A. Pulse oximetry B. Bronchoscopy C. Pulmonary function studies D. Culture and sensitivity tests of sputum

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While pulse oximetry is important for assessing oxygen saturation and determining if supplemental oxygen is needed, it does not provide specific information about the type of pneumonia or the causative organism. It’s more of a monitoring tool than a diagnostic test to guide treatment planning.
B. Bronchoscopy can be useful for visualizing the airways and obtaining samples if the pneumonia is severe or complicated (e.g., suspected abscess or obstruction). However, it is not routinely performed for all pneumonia cases and is not the first-line diagnostic test for planning care.
C. Pulmonary function tests assess lung capacity and airflow but are not directly useful for diagnosing pneumonia or guiding immediate treatment plans. They are more relevant for chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD.
D. Sputum culture and sensitivity tests are critical in pneumonia cases as they help identify the specific organism causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. This information is essential for guiding the healthcare provider in planning appropriate and targeted therapy, especially in cases of community-acquired versus hospital-acquired pneumonia.

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Which principle(s) would be included when teaching a patient to use a steroid inhaler? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which test would the nurse expect the primary care provider to order to look for exposure to tuberculosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital for medical treatment of pneumonia. What diagnostic test would the nurse examine to help the health care provider to determine the next step in planning care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which assessment finding correlates with this diagnosis?

It is important for a patient with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which disease process?

A nurse is educating a client who has a chronic illness about a DASH diet. Which of the following meals best fits the DASH diet?

The physician orders iron sucrose 200 mg IV. The pharmacy sends the medication in a 100 mL bag of normal saline with the directions to infuse the IV over 15 minutes. The nurse sets the IV Infusion pump to mL/hr.

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The nurse is evaluating the patients understanding of education on environmental control for asthma management. Which statement by the patient indicates effective teaching?

A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of th following information should the nurse include in the teaching?