Which pregnant woman should restrict her weight gain during pregnancy?
Woman shorter than 62 inches or 157 cm
Woman in early adolescence
Woman who was 30 lbs overweight before pregnancy
Woman pregnant with twins
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Woman shorter than 62 inches or 157 cm should not restrict her weight gain during pregnancy, as she may have a higher risk of delivering a low birth weight infant. She should follow the recommended weight gain guidelines based on her pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).
Choice B reason: Woman in early adolescence should not restrict her weight gain during pregnancy, as she is still growing and developing herself. She may need more calories and nutrients than an adult woman to support her own health and the fetal growth.
Choice C reason: Woman who was 30 lbs overweight before pregnancy should restrict her weight gain during pregnancy, as she may have a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes, hypertension, or preeclampsia. She should aim for a lower weight gain range than a woman with a normal BMI.
Choice D reason: Woman pregnant with twins should not restrict her weight gain during pregnancy, as she needs more energy and nutrients to support the growth of two fetuses. She should aim for a higher weight gain range than a woman with a singleton pregnancy.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A daily consumption of alcohol does not necessarily indicate a risk for alcoholism, although it is not recommended for pregnant women. Alcoholism is a chronic disease that involves physical and psychological dependence on alcohol, and it requires more than one criterion to be diagnosed.
Choice B reason: She will not be at risk for abusing other substances as well, unless she has a history or predisposition for substance abuse. Alcohol use during pregnancy does not cause other substance abuse problems, although it may co-occur with them.
Choice C reason: The fetus is not at risk for multiple organ anomalies, unless the mother consumes large amounts of alcohol during the first trimester of pregnancy. This can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), which is characterized by facial dysmorphia, growth retardation, and intellectual disability. However, FAS is rare and not related to moderate alcohol intake during the second trimester.
Choice D reason: The fetus is placed at risk for altered brain growth, as alcohol can cross the placenta and affect the developing nervous system of the fetus. Alcohol exposure during the second trimester can impair the formation and migration of neurons, leading to reduced brain size and function. This can result in learning difficulties, behavioral problems, and cognitive impairments in the child.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Penicillin is not a correct option, as it is not effective against chlamydia. Penicillin is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting the cell wall synthesis of bacteria. However, chlamydia is an intracellular bacterium that does not have a cell wall and is resistant to penicillin.
Choice B reason: Acyclovir is not a correct option, as it is not effective against chlamydia. Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that works by inhibiting the DNA synthesis of viruses. However, chlamydia is a bacterium, not a virus, and is not affected by acyclovir².
Choice C reason: Doxycycline is the correct option, as it is one of the recommended medications for the treatment of chlamydia. Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that works by inhibiting the protein synthesis of bacteria. It can penetrate the cells and kill chlamydia by interfering with its growth and reproduction. The CDC recommends a 7-day course of doxycycline (100 mg orally twice a day) for the treatment of uncomplicated chlamydia infection.
Choice D reason: Podofilox is not a correct option, as it is not effective against chlamydia. Podofilox is a topical medication that works by destroying the tissue of genital warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). However, chlamydia is a different infection that does not cause genital warts and is not treated by podofilox.
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