Which patient statement supports a history of intermittent claudication?

I get short of breath when I climb a lot of stairs.

My fingers hurt when I go outside in cold weather.

My legs cramp when I walk more than a block.

When I stand too long, my feet start to swell.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Shortness of breath on stairs suggests cardiopulmonary issues, not intermittent claudication. Claudication is leg pain from arterial insufficiency during activity, not dyspnea, which reflects lung or heart strain.

Choice B reason: Finger pain in cold weather points to Raynaud’s or vasospasm, not claudication. Intermittent claudication affects lower limbs from arterial occlusion, not upper extremities or temperature-related vasomotor changes.

Choice C reason: Leg cramping after walking a block is classic intermittent claudication, from reduced blood flow in peripheral artery disease. Pain with activity, relieved by rest, matches its ischemic pathophysiology perfectly.

Choice D reason: Foot swelling from standing suggests venous stasis or edema, not claudication. Claudication involves arterial insufficiency causing pain with exertion, not fluid accumulation from prolonged static posture.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Blood pressure of 164/98 mmHg is elevated but not immediately life-threatening in respiratory failure. It may reflect stress or chronic hypertension, less urgent than neurologic changes signaling CO2 narcosis.

Choice B reason: Oxygen saturation of 90% is low but manageable with oxygen therapy in respiratory failure. It’s concerning, yet less critical than somnolence, which indicates severe CO2 retention requiring urgent intervention.

Choice C reason: Weakness is nonspecific in respiratory failure, possibly from hypoxia or fatigue. It’s not as immediately alarming as somnolence, which directly reflects brain suppression from high PaCO2, needing prompt reporting.

Choice D reason: Somnolence and difficulty arousing signal CO2 narcosis from hypercapnia (high PaCO2), a medical emergency. It indicates respiratory acidosis impairing brain function, requiring immediate provider notification for ventilatory support.

A. Aspirin B. Lisinopril C. Insulin Glargine D. Furosemide (Lasix) E. Metoprolol

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Aspirin prevents thrombosis in coronary disease, not a primary heart failure treatment. It reduces ischemic risk but doesn’t address fluid overload or cardiac workload, lacking direct symptom relief in heart failure management.

Choice B reason: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, reduces afterload and preload by vasodilation, easing heart strain. It manages heart failure symptoms like dyspnea by improving cardiac output, a cornerstone therapy for pump dysfunction.

Choice C reason: Insulin Glargine controls diabetes, not heart failure symptoms. It manages glucose, indirectly benefiting cardiovascular health, but doesn’t relieve congestion or improve hemodynamics, making it irrelevant to direct symptom management.

Choice D reason: Furosemide, a diuretic, reduces fluid overload in heart failure, alleviating dyspnea and edema. It lowers preload by increasing urine output, directly targeting congestion, a key symptom, in evidence-based practice.

Choice E reason: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, slows heart rate, reducing myocardial demand in heart failure. It improves ejection fraction and symptoms like fatigue, a standard therapy for stabilizing cardiac function long-term.

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Which patient statement supports a history of intermittent claudication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is admitting a patient with possible respiratory failure and a high PaCO2. Which assessment information would the nurse immediately report to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing the patient’s medication list. Which of the following medications are commonly prescribed to manage symptoms of heart failure? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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