Which of the following items should the nurse include in teaching Sara about asthma? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: Identifying triggers (e.g., allergens, exercise) prevents asthma exacerbations by avoiding bronchoconstriction causes. It empowers Sara to control exposure, a cornerstone of asthma education supported by evidence for long-term management success.

Choice B reason: Health promotion, like vaccinations and smoking cessation, reduces asthma triggers and infections. It strengthens overall respiratory health, a key teaching point to minimize exacerbations and improve Sara’s quality of life.

Choice C reason: Stress management reduces anxiety, a known asthma trigger via hyperventilation or vagal response. Techniques like deep breathing help Sara maintain control, making it a vital component of comprehensive asthma education.

Choice D reason: Keeping a journal tracks symptoms, triggers, and medication use, aiding asthma control. It provides data for healthcare adjustments, empowering Sara with self-monitoring, a proven strategy in personalized asthma management plans.

Choice E reason: Starting a running program risks exacerbating asthma via exercise-induced bronchospasm, especially without control. It’s not suitable teaching; gradual activity with medical clearance is safer, not an initial recommendation.

Choice A reason: Glucose of 122 mg/dL is mildly elevated, suggesting prediabetes, but not urgent in hypertension. It’s a chronic risk factor, less critical than renal function for immediate provider attention.

Choice B reason: Hemoglobin of 14.7 g/dL is normal (12-18 g/dL), requiring no action in hypertension. It reflects oxygen capacity, not directly tied to blood pressure or acute complications needing reporting.

Choice C reason: Potassium of 4.5 mEq/L is normal (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), not concerning in hypertension. It’s relevant with medications, but this value alone doesn’t warrant immediate communication to the provider.

Choice D reason: Creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL (normal 0.5-1.2 mg/dL) indicates renal impairment, critical in hypertension. It suggests kidney damage from pressure, needing urgent reporting to adjust treatment and prevent progression.