Which patient meets criteria for involuntary hospitalization for psychiatric treatment?

A patient that fraudulently files for bankruptcy

A patient that threatens harm to self and others

A patient involved in selling and distributing illegal drugs

A patient noncompliant with their treatment regimen

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Fraudulent bankruptcy is a legal or ethical violation, not a psychiatric emergency. Involuntary hospitalization requires evidence of imminent danger to self or others due to a mental disorder. This behavior, while illegal, does not inherently indicate a mental health crisis necessitating forced psychiatric intervention, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: Threatening harm to self and others meets legal and clinical criteria for involuntary hospitalization, as it indicates imminent danger due to a psychiatric condition. Mental health laws, such as the Baker Act, prioritize safety when a patient’s mental state poses significant risk, making this the correct choice for forced admission.

Choice C reason: Selling and distributing illegal drugs is a criminal act, not necessarily linked to a mental health crisis requiring involuntary hospitalization. While substance use disorders may involve psychiatric issues, this behavior alone does not demonstrate imminent danger due to mental illness, making it inappropriate for forced treatment.

Choice D reason: Noncompliance with treatment, while concerning, does not inherently indicate imminent danger or severe mental instability requiring involuntary hospitalization. It may reflect patient autonomy or other factors, not acute psychiatric risk. This choice fails to meet the legal or clinical threshold for forced admission, making it incorrect.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Asking about feelings explores emotions but does not address the patient’s question about neurotransmitters. Educational queries require informative responses to enhance understanding, not redirection to feelings, making this choice non-therapeutic and incorrect for the patient’s need.

Choice B reason: Explaining neurotransmitters as brain communication chemicals directly addresses the patient’s question. It provides clear, accurate information about their role in mood and behavior, aligning with patient education principles in psychiatric nursing, making this the correct, informative response.

Choice C reason: Focusing on medication avoids explaining neurotransmitters, failing to address the patient’s educational need. It shifts focus prematurely to treatment, which may confuse the patient, making this response less effective and incorrect for providing the requested information.

Choice D reason: Deferring to the doctor dismisses the nurse’s role in patient education, undermining trust. Nurses are equipped to explain basic concepts like neurotransmitters, and this response fails to meet the patient’s need for understanding, making it non-therapeutic and incorrect.

A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B. Norepinephrine C. Histamine D. Serotonin

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal activity, promoting calm. In fear, the sympathetic nervous system activates, increasing heart rate and blood pressure, driven by excitatory neurotransmitters, not GABA, which would counteract these effects, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: Norepinephrine, a catecholamine, activates the sympathetic nervous system during fear, increasing heart rate and blood pressure via the fight-or-flight response. Its heightened activity in stress aligns with the patient’s symptoms, making this the correct neurotransmitter choice.

Choice C reason: Histamine regulates arousal and allergic responses but is not primarily responsible for cardiovascular changes in fear. Its role in the brain is less direct than norepinephrine in driving sympathetic activation, making this choice incorrect for the symptoms described.

Choice D reason: Serotonin modulates mood and anxiety but does not directly cause acute cardiovascular changes like increased heart rate and blood pressure in fear. These are driven by norepinephrine’s sympathetic activation, making serotonin an incorrect choice for this scenario.

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Which patient meets criteria for involuntary hospitalization for psychiatric treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient asks, "What are neurotransmitters? My doctor said mine are imbalanced." Select the nurse’s best response.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A fearful patient has an increased heart rate and blood pressure. The nurse suspects increased activity of which neurotransmitter?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which comments by a nurse demonstrate the use of therapeutic communication techniques? (Select all that apply)

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Hildegard Peplau came up with the phases of the nurse-patient relationship. What does the nurse address during the orientation phase with a patient diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder?