Which pathology of autonomic cardiac regulation is mediated by sympathetic innervation?

Increased Ca+ influx with sympathetic stimulation that raises the heart rate.

Sympathetic activation boosts K+ efflux and increases the inotropic effect.

Sympathetic activation decreases dromotrophy by lowering conduction speed.

Increased Na+ influx with sympathetic stimulation reduces pacemaker firing.’

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A: Increased Ca+ influx with sympathetic stimulation that raises the heart rate is a manifestation of sympathetic innervation. Sympathetic activation leads to the release of norepinephrine, which enhances the influx of calcium ions (Ca+) into cardiac muscle cells, resulting in increased contractility and heart rate.

Choice B: Sympathetic activation does increase the inotropic effect (contractility) of the heart, but it is primarily mediated by the increased influx of calcium ions (Ca+).

Choice C: Sympathetic activation does not decrease dromotrophy (conduction speed). Instead, it can increase the conduction speed through the cardiac conduction system.

Choice D: Increased Na+ influx with sympathetic stimulation does not reduce pacemaker firing; instead, it contributes to the enhanced excitability and automaticity of cardiac cells.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: CPR is important but should be performed in conjunction with defibrillation. Since two defibrillation shocks have already been administered, the next step should be another shock.

Choice B : Obtaining an arterial blood gas sample is not the immediate priority when the client is in ventricular fibrillation. Defibrillation should be continued.

Choice C: Performing the third defibrillation shock is the next appropriate step in the advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) algorithm for ventricular fibrillation.

Choice D: Administering an IV bolus of epinephrine may be part of the ACLS protocol, but it is typically administered after defibrillation attempts.

A. "How long has she seemed depressed?" B. "Has she ever attempted suicide before?" C. "Has anything occurred which might have precipitated this suicide attempt?" D. "How did she attempt to kill herself?"

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: Inquiring about how long the adolescent has seemed depressed is important for assessing the client's overall mental health history, but it may not provide immediate information about the seriousness of the suicide attempt.

Choice B: Asking about any previous suicide attempts is important for understanding the client's history and risk factors, but it does not directly assess the seriousness of the current attempt.

Choice C: Inquiring about any precipitating events is essential for understanding the context and triggers for the suicide attempt, but it may not be the most immediate question to assess seriousness.

Choice D: Asking "How did she attempt to kill herself?" is the most crucial question to assess the seriousness of the suicide attempt. It provides critical information about the method used, which can help determine the lethality of the attempt and guide immediate interventions and safety measures.

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Which pathology of autonomic cardiac regulation is mediated by sympathetic innervation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Following two defibrillation shocks, the client's electrocardiogram (ECG) continues to indicate ventricular fibrillation (VF). Which intervention should the nurse implement next?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A 16-year-old female client who attempted suicide that morning is admitted to the psychiatric unit. To determine the seriousness of the adolescent's suicide attempt, which question is most important for the nurse to ask the family?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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