Which of the following statements would most likely NOT be allowed on the label of a dietary supplement?

A. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, not heparin. Warfarin works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver. Therefore, vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin in cases of over-anticoagulation. It does not reverse the effects of heparin.

B. Deferoxamine: Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron toxicity and aluminum overload. It is not indicated for reversing the effects of heparin.

C. Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is used as an antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose. It is not indicated for reversing the effects of heparin.

D. Protamine sulfate: This is the correct answer. Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin. It works by binding to heparin to form a stable complex, thereby neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Protamine sulfate is commonly used in clinical practice to reverse the effects of heparin in situations such as hemorrhage or when rapid reversal of anticoagulation is needed, such as before surgery.

A. Easy bruising indicates the medication is effective: While some bruising is possible, excessive bruising doesn't necessarily mean the medication is working effectively. It could indicate excessive anticoagulation, requiring dose adjustments.

B. Inject the medication deep into the thigh muscle: Heparin is injected subcutaneously, targeting the fatty tissue layer just beneath the skin. Injecting into the muscle can be painful and decrease absorption.

C. Expect stools to become black and tarry: Black stools can be a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, a potential but uncommon side effect. The nurse should instruct the client to report any black stools but not expect them as a normal occurrence.

D. Use a soft bristle toothbrush: This is important because heparin increases bleeding risk, and a soft-bristled toothbrush minimizes gum irritation and potential bleeding.