Which of the following statements is true about diabetes mellitus?

Choice A reason: Wearing sturdy open-toed shoes is not a good idea for a person with diabetes, as it can expose the feet to injuries or infections that can be hard to heal. The nurse would advise the patient to wear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes that protect the feet and prevent blisters or ulcers.

Choice B reason: Monitoring blood glucose levels before and after a walk is a sensible instruction for a person with diabetes, as physical activity can lower blood glucose levels and affect the need for medication or insulin. The nurse would advise the patient to check his blood glucose levels before and after a walk, and adjust his food intake or medication accordingly.

Choice C reason: Omitting antidiabetic medication is a dangerous instruction for a person with diabetes, as it can cause hyperglycemia or high blood glucose levels that can lead to serious complications. The nurse would advise the patient to take his medication as prescribed, and consult his doctor if he needs to change his dosage.

Choice D reason: Preparing to administer insulin is an unnecessary instruction for a person with type 2 diabetes who is not on insulin therapy, as it can cause hypoglycemia or low blood glucose levels that can be life-threatening. The nurse would advise the patient to follow his doctor's recommendations on whether he needs insulin or not, and how to use it safely.

Choice A reason: Wearing well-fitting shoes is a good intervention for the older adult man to reduce his discomfort, as it can prevent pressure, friction, or injury to his feet, which can worsen the burning sensation. The nurse would advise the older adult man to choose shoes that are comfortable, supportive, and breathable, and to avoid shoes that are too tight, too loose, or have high heels or pointed toes.

Choice B reason: Soaking the feet in warm water is not a recommended intervention for the older adult man to reduce his discomfort, as it can dry out his skin, increase the risk of infection, or cause thermal injury if the water is too hot. The nurse would advise the older adult man to wash his feet daily with mild soap and lukewarm water, and to dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes.

Choice C reason: Applying antifungal powder on the feet is not a necessary intervention for the older adult man to reduce his discomfort, unless he has a fungal infection, such as athlete's foot, which can cause itching, burning, or cracking of the skin. The nurse would advise the older adult man to check his feet regularly for any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or pus, and to seek medical attention if he has any.

Choice D reason: Wearing knee-high nylon stockings is not a helpful intervention for the older adult man to reduce his discomfort, as it can impair his blood circulation, trap moisture, or irritate his skin. The nurse would advise the older adult man to wear socks that are made of cotton or wool, and to change them daily or whenever they are wet or dirty.