Which of the following patients should the nurse consider as having a higher risk for malnutrition?
A 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth.
A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery (postoperative day 2).
A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy.
A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
While a 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth may have increased nutritional needs, they would not typically be considered at higher risk for malnutrition unless there were other factors such as inadequate diet or certain health conditions.
Choice B rationale
A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery might have temporary changes in diet or appetite related to the surgery, but would not typically be at high risk for malnutrition unless there were other ongoing issues such as poor diet, difficulty eating, or a chronic health condition.
Choice C rationale
A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy would not typically be at risk for malnutrition from this short-term fast. However, if they had ongoing issues with diet, appetite, or a chronic health condition, they could potentially be at risk.
Choice D rationale
A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years is at higher risk for malnutrition. Alcohol can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients, and individuals with long-term heavy alcohol use may also have other lifestyle factors that increase their risk for malnutrition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rice is a safe food choice for a child diagnosed with celiac disease. Celiac disease is a chronic immune disorder triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein naturally present in wheat, barley, and rye. When people with celiac disease eat foods with gluten, the immune system attacks the small intestine, causing inflammation and damage that affects digestion, absorption, and nutrition. Rice is naturally gluten-free and can be included in the diet of a person with celiac disease.
Choice B rationale
Rye is not a safe food choice for a child diagnosed with celiac disease. Rye contains gluten, which triggers an immune response in people with celiac disease. This immune response can cause damage to the small intestine and lead to various health problems.
Choice C rationale
Wheat is not a safe food choice for a child diagnosed with celiac disease. Wheat contains gluten, which triggers an immune response in people with celiac disease. This immune response can cause damage to the small intestine and lead to various health problems.
Choice D rationale
Barley is not a safe food choice for a child diagnosed with celiac disease. Barley contains gluten, which triggers an immune response in people with celiac disease. This immune response can cause damage to the small intestine and lead to various health problems.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
An increase in intraocular pressure is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to high blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
While regular eye exams are important for patients with diabetes mellitus, having an eye exam every 2 years may not be sufficient for detecting and managing diabetic retinopathy. More frequent eye exams may be recommended depending on the patient’s condition.
Choice C rationale
Clouding of the lens is not a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy. This is a symptom of cataracts, not diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy affects the blood vessels in the retina, not the lens of the eye.
Choice D rationale
Seeing spots, also known as floaters, is a common symptom of diabetic retinopathy. This occurs when blood and other fluids leak into the vitreous, the clear, jelly-like substance that fills the inside of the eye.
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