Which of the following patients should the nurse consider as having a higher risk for malnutrition?
A 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth.
A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery (postoperative day 2).
A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy.
A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
While a 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth may have increased nutritional needs, they would not typically be considered at higher risk for malnutrition unless there were other factors such as inadequate diet or certain health conditions.
Choice B rationale
A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery might have temporary changes in diet or appetite related to the surgery, but would not typically be at high risk for malnutrition unless there were other ongoing issues such as poor diet, difficulty eating, or a chronic health condition.
Choice C rationale
A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy would not typically be at risk for malnutrition from this short-term fast. However, if they had ongoing issues with diet, appetite, or a chronic health condition, they could potentially be at risk.
Choice D rationale
A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years is at higher risk for malnutrition. Alcohol can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients, and individuals with long-term heavy alcohol use may also have other lifestyle factors that increase their risk for malnutrition.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Telling the patient that their liver has been destroyed by alcohol might not be the most effective way to motivate change. It could potentially lead to feelings of hopelessness and deter the patient from seeking help.
Choice B rationale
Introducing the patient to other people might not directly motivate them to change their alcohol consumption habits. However, it could potentially provide them with a supportive network that could help them in their journey to sobriety.
Choice C rationale
Educating the patient about the disease can be very beneficial. Understanding the effects of alcohol on their liver and the potential consequences of continued drinking can motivate them to change.
Choice D rationale
Instructing the patient to cut back to drinking one drink per day might not be the best advice for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver. Complete abstinence from alcohol is usually recommended for these patients to prevent further liver damage.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
An increase in intraocular pressure is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to high blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
While regular eye exams are important for patients with diabetes mellitus, having an eye exam every 2 years may not be sufficient for detecting and managing diabetic retinopathy. More frequent eye exams may be recommended depending on the patient’s condition.
Choice C rationale
Clouding of the lens is not a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy. This is a symptom of cataracts, not diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy affects the blood vessels in the retina, not the lens of the eye.
Choice D rationale
Seeing spots, also known as floaters, is a common symptom of diabetic retinopathy. This occurs when blood and other fluids leak into the vitreous, the clear, jelly-like substance that fills the inside of the eye.
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