Which of the following is not a part of the appendicular skeleton?

Radial flexion of the wrist, also known as radial deviation, refers to the movement of the wrist towards the radial (thumb) side of the forearm.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the lateral (thumb) side of the forearm.
The joint involved in radial flexion of the wrist is the radiocarpal joint, which is a condyloid joint formed by the articulation between the distal end of the radius bone and the carpal bones of the wrist.
This joint allows for a range of movements, including:
1. Ulnar flexion of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist towards the ulnar (little finger) side of the forearm, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the medial (little finger) side of the forearm.
2. Extension of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist backward, away from the palm of the hand.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the back of the forearm.
3. Flexion of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist forwards, towards the palm of the hand.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the front of the forearm.
4. Adduction of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist towards the midline of the body, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the medial (little finger) side of the forearm.
5. Abduction of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist away from the midline of the body, towards the radial (thumb) side of the forearm, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the lateral (thumb) side of the forearm.
All of these movements of the radiocarpal joint are important for fine motor skills, such as writing, typing, and playing musical instruments, as well as for everyday activities such as lifting and carrying objects.

Scapula protraction refers to the movement of the shoulder blade (scapula) away from the spine, toward the front of the body.

This movement is also known as scapular abduction or anterior scapular tilt.

The joint involved in scapula protraction is the scapulothoracic joint, which is not a true joint, but rather a functional joint formed by the articulation between the scapula and the thorax.

The scapula is a flat bone that glides over the back of the ribcage, allowing for a wide range of movements of the arm.

Other movements of the scapulothoracic joint include:

Scapula retraction: This refers to the movement of the shoulder blade towards the spine, away from the front of the body.

This movement is also known as scapular adduction or posterior scapular tilt.

Scapula elevation: This refers to the movement of the shoulder blade upwards towards the ears.

This movement is also known as the upward rotation of the scapula.

Scapula depression: This refers to the movement of the shoulder blade downwards towards the feet.

This movement is also known as a downward rotation of the scapula.

Scapula upward tilt: This refers to the movement of the upper border of the shoulder blade upwards, towards the head.

This movement is also known as superior scapular rotation.

Scapula downward tilt: This refers to the movement of the upper border of the shoulder blade downwards, towards the feet.

This movement is also known as inferior scapular rotation.

All of these movements are important for proper shoulder function and are necessary for a wide range of daily activities, such as reaching, lifting, pushing, and pulling.