In what type of fracture do we consider the bone to be shattered?

Hip flexion refers to the movement of the thigh bone (femur) towards the front of the body, bringing the knee closer to the chest.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles in the front of the hip, including the iliopsoas and rectus femoris muscles.
The joint involved in hip flexion is the hip joint, which is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis.
This joint allows for a range of movements, including:
1. Hip extension: This refers to the movement of the thigh bone backwards, away from the front of the body, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles in the back of the hip, including the gluteus maximus and hamstrings.

2. Hip abduction: This refers to the movement of the thigh bone away from the midline of the body, towards the side, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the outside of the hip, including the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae.
3. Hip adduction: This refers to the movement of the thigh bone towards the midline of the body, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the inside of the hip, including the adductor muscles.
4. Hip external rotation: This refers to the movement of the thigh bone away from the midline of the body and outwards, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the back of the hip, including the piriformis and gemellus muscles.
5. Hip internal rotation: This refers to the movement of the thigh bone towards the midline of the body and inwards, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the inside of the hip, including the gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae.
All of these movements of the hip joint are important for walking, running, and other activities that require the use of the lower limbs.
Additionally, a lack of hip flexibility or strength can lead to compensatory movements in other parts of the body, which can result in pain or injury over time.

Radial flexion of the wrist, also known as radial deviation, refers to the movement of the wrist towards the radial (thumb) side of the forearm.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the lateral (thumb) side of the forearm.
The joint involved in radial flexion of the wrist is the radiocarpal joint, which is a condyloid joint formed by the articulation between the distal end of the radius bone and the carpal bones of the wrist.
This joint allows for a range of movements, including:
1. Ulnar flexion of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist towards the ulnar (little finger) side of the forearm, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the medial (little finger) side of the forearm.
2. Extension of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist backward, away from the palm of the hand.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the back of the forearm.
3. Flexion of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist forwards, towards the palm of the hand.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the front of the forearm.
4. Adduction of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist towards the midline of the body, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the medial (little finger) side of the forearm.
5. Abduction of the wrist: This refers to the movement of the wrist away from the midline of the body, towards the radial (thumb) side of the forearm, which is achieved by the contraction of muscles on the lateral (thumb) side of the forearm.
All of these movements of the radiocarpal joint are important for fine motor skills, such as writing, typing, and playing musical instruments, as well as for everyday activities such as lifting and carrying objects.