Which of the following is an effective approach in the appraisal of research studies?

Evaluate the quality of the research against the standards for that type of research.

Select only studies with a sample size of at least 100 people.

Discard systematic reviews and meta-analyses since they are the weakest form of evidence.

Accept only studies that use a randomized controlled trial design.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Evaluate the quality of the research against the standards for that type of research: Assessing research quality based on established standards ensures that the study's design, methodology, and findings are reliable and valid for its particular research type.
B. Select only studies with a sample size of at least 100 people: While sample size is important, it is not the sole determinant of a study's quality. Other factors like study design, methodology, and relevance also play crucial roles.
C. Discard systematic reviews and meta-analyses since they are the weakest form of evidence: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are actually considered high levels of evidence as they synthesize data from multiple studies, providing comprehensive insights.
D. Accept only studies that use a randomized controlled trial design: While RCTs are a gold standard for certain types of research, other study designs are also valuable and appropriate depending on the research question and context.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Depersonalization: Depersonalization involves feeling detached from one’s work and treating patients as objects rather than individuals, which matches Rama's behavior of ignoring patient requests and being rude.
B. Role ambiguity: Role ambiguity occurs when there is a lack of clarity about job responsibilities and expectations, which does not align with the described behaviors.
C. Depression: Depression involves persistent sadness and loss of interest in activities, which may not directly explain the specific behaviors of ignoring and being rude to patients.
D. Hardiness: Hardiness is a personality trait that involves resilience and the ability to endure stressful situations, which contrasts with Rama's negative behaviors.

A. The patient has a right to choose not to consent. B. Consent must not be coerced. C. Consent for life-saving surgery is always mandatory. D. The patient must sign the consent because the doctor wants him to sign. E. Minors can consent to procedures in the absence of parents or guardians.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. The patient has a right to choose not to consent: Patients have the right to refuse consent if they do not understand the procedure or do not agree to it, reflecting the principle of autonomy in medical decision-making.
B. Consent must not be coerced: Consent must be given voluntarily and with full understanding; coercion undermines the validity of the consent.
C. Consent for life-saving surgery is always mandatory: While consent is crucial, there are exceptional cases where procedures may be performed without explicit consent if a patient is incapacitated and the surgery is urgent.
D. The patient must sign the consent because the doctor wants him to sign: The patient's understanding and voluntary consent are more important than the doctor's request; the process cannot be rushed or forced.
E. Minors can consent to procedures in the absence of parents or guardians: Generally, minors cannot consent to medical procedures without parental or guardian consent, with some exceptions based on state laws and the nature of the procedure.

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Which of the following is an effective approach in the appraisal of research studies?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

One of your staff nurses asks for your advice because a patient refuses to sign a consent for surgery. The patient says that he won't sign because he doesn't understand the nature of the surgery. You advise that: (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Which of the following is most accurate regarding evidence-based practice?

A family is keeping vigil at a critically ill patient's bedside. The nurse speaks with the family members and asks if they would benefit from a chaplain visit or resources to aid with grief and coping. What role is the nurse assuming through this action?

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