Which of the following is a true statement about assistive devices to aid older adults with impaired mobility?

Choice A reason: A shortened warning time between the desire to void and actual micturition is a common sign of urinary incontinence in older adults. It is caused by the decreased bladder capacity, increased bladder irritability, and reduced urethral resistance that occur with aging.

Choice B reason: The first urge to void occurs at the midbladder volume (250-350 mL) is not a correct answer, as this is the normal bladder sensation for adults of all ages. It does not indicate urinary incontinence.

Choice C reason: Diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal complaint made to the health care provider is not a correct answer, as it is not related to urinary incontinence. It is a separate condition that affects the bowel movements.

Choice D reason: Constipation as a symptom of altered bladder functions is not a correct answer, as it is not a direct cause or effect of urinary incontinence. However, constipation can worsen urinary incontinence by increasing the pressure on the bladder and pelvic floor muscles.

Choice E reason: None of the above is not a correct answer, as there is one choice that is true for urinary incontinence in older adults.

Choice A reason: The classic signs of elevated glucose levels, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia are rarely present in older adults is true because older adults may have impaired thirst sensation, reduced appetite, or altered renal function that can mask these symptoms. They may also have other chronic conditions or medications that can affect their glucose levels or urine output.

Choice B reason: Older adults tend to metabolize glucose at a faster rate than younger adults is false because older adults usually have a slower metabolism and a reduced insulin sensitivity that can impair their glucose regulation. They may also have less muscle mass and more fat tissue that can affect their glucose utilization.

Choice C reason: Fingerstick glucose monitoring is inaccurate in older adults is false because fingerstick glucose monitoring is a reliable and convenient method to measure blood glucose levels in older adults, as long as they follow the proper technique and calibration. They may also benefit from using devices that have larger displays, voice output, or memory functions.

Choice D reason: There is a higher tolerance for elevated levels of circulating glucose in older adults is false because elevated levels of circulating glucose can cause serious complications in older adults, such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, or infections. Older adults may have a higher risk of developing these complications due to their age, comorbidities, or frailty.