Which of the following describes Locked-in Syndrome?
Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons
Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness
Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes
Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
Choice B: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice C: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice D: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Return to hospital immediately if patient is having severe headache or vomiting is correct because it can indicate increased intracranial pressure, bleeding, swelling, or infection in the brain. These are serious complications that can cause permanent damage or death. The patient and family should seek medical atention as soon as possible and not wait for other symptoms to appear.
Choice B: Return to hospital immediately for changes in level of consciousness is correct because it can also indicate worsening brain injury or complications from a head injury. Changes in level of consciousness can include confusion, drowsiness, agitation, or loss of awareness. The patient and family should monitor the patient's mental status and alertness and report any changes to the doctor.
Choice C: Call ambulance if unable to arouse patient is correct because it can mean that the patient has lost consciousness or is in a coma. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention and resuscitation. The patient and family should not atempt to move or transport the patient by themselves but call for professional help.
Choice D: All of the above are correct because they are important instructions for the patient and family to follow when discharging patient home following a head injury. They can help prevent further harm or complications and ensure prompt treatment and recovery. The nurse should educate the patient and family about these instructions and provide them with writen information and contact numbers.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Careful, frequent monitoring of respiratory function, including blood gases is correct, as it can detect and prevent hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acid-base imbalance that can affect the brain and other organs.
Choice B: Monitor for signs and symptoms of complications is correct, as it can identify and treat potential problems such as hemorrhage, infection, seizures, or increased intracranial pressure.
Choice C: Monitor fluid status and laboratory data is correct, as it can maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and prevent dehydration, overhydration, or cerebral edema.
Choice D: All of the above is correct, as all of these assessments are important for the patient undergoing intracranial surgery.
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