Which nursing intervention(s) should be employed when caring for the bone marrow donor immediately following a bone marrow aspiration? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Administer aspirin for bone pain

Place the client in high Fowler's position

Apply direct pressure to the puncture site

Assess and document vital signs

Initiate neutropenic precautions

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A.   Aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding and is typically contraindicated in patients who have undergone procedures like bone marrow aspiration. Instead, acetaminophen may be recommended for pain relief, as it does not have blood-thinning effects.
B.   After a bone marrow aspiration, the donor is typically advised to lie flat or in a comfortable position to minimize discomfort and reduce the risk of bleeding. High Fowler's position may not provide the necessary comfort or support needed post-procedure.
C.   Applying direct pressure to the puncture site is a critical intervention to minimize bleeding and promote clotting at the site of the aspiration. The nurse should apply pressure for a sufficient amount of time as per protocol.
D.   Monitoring vital signs is important after any invasive procedure to detect any complications early, such as bleeding or signs of shock. Documenting vital signs also ensures continuity of care.
E.   This choice is not applicable immediately after bone marrow aspiration for a donor. Neutropenic precautions are typically implemented for patients who have low white blood cell counts due to chemotherapy or other conditions. Bone marrow donors do not require these precautions immediately after donation unless there is a specific concern for infection or a significant drop in white blood cell counts.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While having multiple sexual partners is associated with an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), it is not considered a significant risk factor for uterine cancer specifically. STIs can contribute to other reproductive cancers, such as cervical cancer, but they are not directly linked to the development of uterine cancer.
B. Smoking is a risk factor for various cancers, including cervical and lung cancers, but its association with uterine cancer is not as strong. While some studies suggest a potential link, it is not recognized as a primary risk factor for uterine cancer.
C. Prolonged exposure to unopposed estrogen (estrogen not balanced by progesterone) is the primary risk factor for uterine cancer. This can occur in situations such as obesity (where adipose tissue produces estrogen), hormone replacement therapy without progesterone, and certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
D. Having multiple pregnancies is generally considered to have a protective effect against uterine cancer. Pregnancy reduces the number of menstrual cycles a woman has over her lifetime, which can lead to lower lifetime exposure to estrogen.

A. is effective in diagnosing other male cancers B. is decreased in the presence of cancer C. is a screening tool for prostate cancer D. is used as a definitive diagnosis for prostate cancer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A.PSA is primarily associated with prostate health and is not an effective marker for diagnosing other male cancers. While elevated PSA levels can sometimes indicate issues related to the prostate, they are not used for diagnosing other types of cancer.
B. In fact, PSA levels are usually increased in the presence of prostate cancer. While there can be some conditions that lead to a decrease in PSA levels, cancer itself typically raises PSA levels.
C.PSA is commonly used as a screening tool for prostate cancer. Elevated PSA levels may prompt further investigation, including biopsies, to determine if cancer is present. However, it’s important to note that elevated PSA can also occur due to benign conditions like prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
D.While PSA levels can indicate the possibility of prostate cancer, they do not provide a definitive diagnosis. A diagnosis of prostate cancer typically requires further testing, such as a prostate biopsy, to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.

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Which nursing intervention(s) should be employed when caring for the bone marrow donor immediately following a bone marrow aspiration? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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