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Which method are for administering drugs by parenteral routes? (Select all that apply.)

A.

Subcutaneous

B.

Intramuscular

C.

Via a nasogastric tube

D.

Intradermal

E.

Intravenous

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

A) Subcutaneous:
The subcutaneous route involves administering medication into the layer of fat and connective tissue beneath the skin. This method is used for drugs that require slower absorption, such as insulin or certain vaccines.

 

B) Intramuscular:
The intramuscular route involves injecting medication directly into a muscle. This allows for faster absorption compared to subcutaneous injections, making it ideal for drugs that need to be absorbed quickly, such as vaccines or certain antibiotics.

 

C) Via a nasogastric tube:
Administering drugs via a nasogastric tube is not considered a parenteral route. The nasogastric (NG) tube delivers medications directly into the stomach via the gastrointestinal tract, which is not part of the parenteral system. Parenteral routes are those that bypass the digestive system, like injections.

 

D) Intradermal:
The intradermal route involves injecting medication just under the skin, in the dermis. This is typically used for allergy testing or tuberculosis screenings. It is a parenteral route because it bypasses the digestive system.

 

E) Intravenous:
The intravenous route involves injecting medication directly into a vein, offering rapid absorption and fast onset of action. This method is ideal for critical or emergency situations where immediate medication effects are necessary.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of phenobarbital: 6 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hours

Patient weight: 44 lbs

Concentration of phenobarbital elixir: 20 mg/5 mL

Step 1: Convert patient weight from pounds to kilograms:

1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilograms (kg)

Patient weight in kg = 44 lbs x 0.453592 kg/lb = 19.958 kg

Step 2: Calculate the total daily dose of phenobarbital:

Total daily dose (mg) = Ordered dose (mg/kg/day) x Patient weight (kg)

Total daily dose (mg) = 6 mg/kg/day x 19.958 kg

Total daily dose (mg) = 119.748 mg/day

Step 3: Calculate the dose per administration:

Dose per administration (mg) = Total daily dose (mg) / Number of administrations per day

Dose per administration (mg) = 119.748 mg/day / 2 administrations/day

Dose per administration (mg) = 59.874 mg

Step 4: Calculate the volume to be administered per dose:

Volume (mL) = Dose per administration (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Volume (mL) = 59.874 mg / (20 mg/5 mL)

Volume (mL) = 59.874 mg x (5 mL / 20 mg)

Volume (mL) = 14.9685 mL

Step 5: Round to the nearest whole number:

Volume (mL) ≈ 15 mL

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of clindamycin palmitate: 225 mg

Concentration of clindamycin palmitate oral suspension: 75 mg/5 mL

Step 1: Set up the proportion:

Desired dose (mg) / Volume to administer (mL) = Concentration (mg/mL)

Step 2: Substitute the values:

225 mg / Volume = 75 mg/5 mL

Step 3: Solve for the unknown volume:

Volume = 225 mg / (75 mg/5 mL)

Volume = 225 mg x (5 mL / 75 mg)

Volume = 15 mL

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