A patient is experiencing status epileptics. The nurse anticipates immediate administration of which drug?
Diazepam
Phenobarbital
Valproic acid
Phenytoin
The Correct Answer is A
A) Diazepam
Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus, especially in emergency situations. It works by quickly calming overactive electrical activity in the brain and can be administered intravenously for rapid effect. Diazepam is commonly given as an initial treatment due to its fast onset of action in stopping seizures.
B) Phenobarbital
Phenobarbital is an anticonvulsant that can also be used for seizures, but it is typically used in cases where seizures persist after initial treatment, or as a long-term maintenance therapy. It is not the first-line drug for status epilepticus and is typically administered after other options like diazepam have been tried.
C) Valproic acid
Valproic acid is an anticonvulsant used for chronic seizure management (like for generalized seizures and some focal seizures), but it is not typically used as the immediate treatment in status epilepticus. It may be used in the long-term management or when other drugs fail, but diazepam or lorazepam are preferred for immediate control of seizures.
D) Phenytoin
Phenytoin is another commonly used anticonvulsant, but it has a slower onset of action compared to benzodiazepines like diazepam. While phenytoin is often used for long-term seizure prevention, it is not the most immediate choice in an emergency setting. After initial seizure control with a benzodiazepine, phenytoin may be given for continued seizure prevention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The order directly states that the infusion rate is 30 mL/hr.
The information about the amount of Lidocaine (2 g) and the volume of D5W (250 mL) is irrelevant to determining the flow rate in this case.
The flow rate is already specified as 30 mL/hr in the order.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Calculate the dosage using the ratio and proportion:
Given:
Order: 200 mg p.o. t.i.d.
Available: Tegretol 100 mg chewable tablets.
Step 1: Set up the proportion
Availabledose(100mg) : 1tablet = Ordereddose(200mg) : xtablets
Step 2: Solve for ?
100 mg : 1 tab = 200 mg : ? tabs
? = 200/100 = 2 tablets
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