When administering an antianginal drug such as nitroglycerin (NTG) the nurse identifies which as the most common response.
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Dry mouth
The Correct Answer is C
A) Bradycardia
Bradycardia (a slow heart rate) is not the most common response to nitroglycerin (NTG). While NTG can affect heart rate in some individuals, its primary action is related to blood vessels, and it typically leads to vasodilation, which more commonly results in reflex tachycardia (an increased heart rate), rather than bradycardia.
B) Tachycardia
Tachycardia (an increased heart rate) can occur as a compensatory mechanism when nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. However, this is more of a secondary effect. The primary action of nitroglycerin is to lower blood pressure (by dilating blood vessels), and in response to the lowered blood pressure, the body may try to compensate by increasing the heart rate.
C) Hypotension
The most common and primary response to nitroglycerin (NTG) administration is hypotension. Nitroglycerin works by relaxing smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). This reduces the amount of work the heart has to do and lowers the overall blood pressure. Hypotension is expected as part of the therapeutic effect of NTG, especially with a larger dose or rapid administration (e.g., sublingual NTG).
D) Dry mouth
While many medications can cause dry mouth (especially anticholinergic drugs), nitroglycerin is not typically associated with this issue. Its primary action is vasodilation, and while it can cause other symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and hypotension, dry mouth is not considered a common or significant effect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Patients with hypertension
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is not primarily used to treat hypertension. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is typically managed with antihypertensive medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, or calcium channel blockers. LMWH is an anticoagulant, which works to prevent blood clots rather than controlling blood pressure.
B) Patients with asthma
LMWH is not typically used to treat asthma. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that is usually managed with bronchodilators (e.g., albuterol) and anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids. While patients with asthma may be at risk for blood clots under certain conditions (e.g., severe asthma exacerbations, immobility), LMWH is not a first-line treatment for asthma.
C) Patients with diabetes
While people with diabetes may be at an increased risk of developing blood clots, LMWH is not specifically used to treat diabetes. Diabetes is typically managed with insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents, lifestyle modifications, and other medications to control blood glucose levels. LMWH is an anticoagulant used for conditions that require prevention of clot formation, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
D) Patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
LMWH is commonly prescribed to patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. LMWH is a type of anticoagulant that prevents the formation of further clots by inhibiting factors involved in blood clotting. It is especially effective for patients with DVT or those at high risk for thromboembolic events, such as after surgery or during prolonged immobility. LMWH provides more predictable anticoagulation and requires less frequent monitoring than unfractionated heparin, making it ideal for outpatient management and in hospital settings.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Given:
Volume of fluid: 100 mL
Infusion time: 30 minutes
Drop factor: 60 gtt/mL
Formula:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume (mL) / Time (min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/min:
Infusion rate (mL/min) = Volume (mL) / Time (min)
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 100 mL / 30 min
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 3.33 mL/min
Step 2: Calculate the flow rate in gtt/min:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 3.33 mL/min x 60 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 200 gtt/min
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