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Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with refeeding syndrome?

A.

Hypermagnesemia

B.

Hypercalcemia

C.

Hypophosphatemia

D.

Hyponatremia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Magnesium levels may actually drop, not rise, during refeeding syndrome due to intracellular shifts.

B. Calcium levels are typically not elevated as a direct result of refeeding syndrome.

C. Refeeding syndrome occurs when malnourished patients receive rapid carbohydrate reintroduction, triggering insulin release. This drives phosphate, potassium, and magnesium into cells, with phosphate depletion being the hallmark and most clinically significant electrolyte disturbance. Hypophosphatemia can cause muscle weakness, respiratory failure, and cardiac dysfunction.

D. Sodium levels may fluctuate, but hyponatremia is not the primary concern in refeeding syndrome.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and low HCO₃⁻. Here HCO₃⁻ is near normal (26 mEq/L), so a primary metabolic disorder is unlikely. The elevated PaCO₂ explains the acidemia.

B. Respiratory alkalosis produces an increased pH and decreased PaCO₂. This ABG shows a low pH and markedly elevated PaCO₂ (68 mm Hg), so it is not respiratory alkalosis.

C. The low pH (7.22) with a markedly elevated PaCO₂ (68 mm Hg) indicates primary respiratory acidosis due to hypoventilation (consistent with RR 7/min). The bicarbonate (26 mEq/L) is near normal, suggesting an acute respiratory acidosis with little metabolic compensation. The low PaO₂ and low saturation indicate significant hypoxemia as well.

D. Metabolic alkalosis would show an elevated pH with an elevated HCO₃⁻. This ABG demonstrates acidemia with normal HCO₃⁻ and high PaCO₂, so metabolic alkalosis is not the cause.

Correct Answer is ["15"]

Explanation

Rationale:
Desired dose = 15 mg
Available concentration = 5 mg per 5 mL = 1 mg/mL
Volume needed = Desired dose ÷ Concentration = 15 mg ÷ 1 mg/mL = 15 mL
Rounded to nearest whole number = 15 mL

Final Answer: 15 mL

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