Which diagnostic test may be prescribed to evaluate for the presence of a pulmonary embolism?

Stress testing

D-Dimer

Electrocardiogram

Pulmonary function testing

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Stress testing evaluates cardiac function and ischemia but is not used to diagnose a pulmonary embolism (PE).
B. D-Dimer is correct. D-Dimer is a blood test that detects fibrin degradation products, which are elevated when a blood clot forms and breaks down, making it a useful screening test for pulmonary embolism. However, a positive D-Dimer is not diagnostic, and further imaging (e.g., CT pulmonary angiography) is required.
C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) may show changes (e.g., sinus tachycardia, right heart strain) but does not confirm PE.
D. Pulmonary function testing assesses lung diseases like COPD or asthma but is not used to diagnose PE.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep.
B. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels.
C. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition.
D. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.

A. "I'll dial 911 if I still have pain after taking 4 nitroglycerin tablets over a 20-minute period." B. "I'll dial 911 if 1 nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve my pain, and then take up to 2 more tablets 5 minutes apart while waiting." C. “I’ll dial 911 when I have pain and then take the nitroglycerin tablets." D. "I'll dial 911 if I still have pain after taking 3 nitroglycerin tablets 5 minutes apart."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Taking 4 nitroglycerin tablets is incorrect. The maximum dose is 3 tablets, taken 5 minutes apart. If chest pain persists after the third dose, the client should seek emergency help.
B. Calling 911 after only one dose is incorrect. The correct protocol is to take up to three doses before seeking emergency assistance unless symptoms worsen rapidly.
C. Calling 911 immediately before taking nitroglycerin is incorrect. The client should attempt to relieve the chest pain with nitroglycerin before calling for emergency help.
D. Calling 911 if pain persists after taking 3 nitroglycerin tablets 5 minutes apart is correct. Persistent chest pain despite nitroglycerin use suggests a possible myocardial infarction (MI), requiring immediate medical intervention.

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Which diagnostic test may be prescribed to evaluate for the presence of a pulmonary embolism?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has angina pectoris and a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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