Which assessment finding is expected for a patient just diagnosed with viral (aseptic) meningitis?
positive Brudzinski's sign
dysarthria and double vision
petechiae and purpura.
positive Babinski's reflex
The Correct Answer is A
A. Positive Brudzinski's sign: A positive Brudzinski's sign, which involves involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed, is a common finding in meningitis (both viral and bacterial).
B. Dysarthria and double vision: These symptoms are not typical of viral meningitis; they are more often associated with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
C. Petechiae and purpura: These are more commonly associated with bacterial meningitis, particularly meningococcal meningitis, rather than viral meningitis.
D. Positive Babinski's reflex: A positive Babinski’s reflex indicates an upper motor neuron lesion and is not specific to meningitis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Vertigo and bilateral loss of the pupillary light reflex: Vertigo can occur with cerebellar involvement, but loss of the pupillary light reflex is more associated with brainstem damage.
B. Nuchal rigidity and positive Kernig's sign: These are signs of meningitis, not a cerebellar stroke.
C. Report of falling down, nausea, and vomiting: These symptoms can occur with cerebellar strokes, but they are nonspecific and can be seen in other conditions as well.
D. Difficulty speaking and loss of coordination: The cerebellum is responsible for coordination, and a cerebellar stroke can lead to ataxia (loss of coordination) and dysarthria (difficulty speaking).
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. His body does not produce any insulin so he must receive insulin injections: Type I diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in little to no insulin production. Therefore, insulin must be administered via injection to replace the insulin the body cannot produce.
B. The pills are not as effective as the insulin injections: While this might be partially true for Type I diabetes, it is not the complete answer. Oral medications are generally not effective in Type I diabetes because they stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin, which is not possible in these patients.
C. He will only be on insulin injections for a short while, then he can take a pill: This is incorrect. Type I diabetes requires lifelong insulin therapy.
D. He can stop the insulin injections once his body begins to make insulin again: This is incorrect as Type I diabetes is a permanent condition where the body cannot produce insulin.
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