When the patient who overeats insists that weight gain is related to retained fluids, the nurse recognizes the patient is using which defense mechanism?
Compensation
Rationalization
Regression
Projection
The Correct Answer is B
A. Compensation involves offsetting perceived deficiencies by excelling in other areas. The patient claiming weight gain is due to fluid retention is not trying to make up for a perceived weakness or deficiency; instead, they are explaining their behavior in a way that deflects responsibility.
B. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where a person provides logical or reasonable-sounding explanations for behaviors or situations that are actually motivated by irrational or emotional factors. In this case, the patient who overeats is rationalizing their weight gain by attributing it to fluid retention rather than addressing the underlying issue of overeating. This allows them to avoid facing the real cause of their weight gain.
C. Regression involves reverting to earlier stages of development or behavior when faced with stress. For instance, an adult might act childishly when under pressure. The patient in this scenario is not behaving in a more immature or childlike manner but is rather giving an excuse for their behavior.
D. Projection involves attributing one's own undesirable thoughts or feelings to others. For example, someone who is untrustworthy might accuse others of being untrustworthy. The patient in this scenario is not attributing their own issues to others but is offering an excuse for their own behavior.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Making a suicidal individual feel foolish can increase their isolation and shame, potentially exacerbating suicidal thoughts. It's essential to approach the situation with empathy and understanding.
B. Establishing therapeutic rapport encourages open communication. By creating a safe and trusting environment, the caregiver can facilitate the client to express their thoughts and feelings about suicidal ideation. This information is crucial for assessing the client's risk and developing an appropriate care plan.
C. While feeling in control can be beneficial for some individuals, it's not the primary goal of establishing therapeutic rapport with suicidal clients. The focus should be on creating a safe space for open communication and understanding the client's perspective.
D. Enhancing self-worth is a long-term goal of therapy, but it's not the immediate focus when establishing rapport with a suicidal client. The priority is to address the immediate crisis and create a safe environment for open communication.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This is not a common symptom of an anxiety attack, although severe stress can sometimes lead to risky behaviors.
B. Decreased perceptions is less characteristic of anxiety attacks and are not typically used as indicators of severity
C. Increased motivation is less characteristic of anxiety attacks and are not typically used as indicators of severity
D. This overwhelming fear can manifest physically in various ways, including but not limited to, increased heart rate, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and a feeling of loss of control
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