When the patient who overeats insists that weight gain is related to retained fluids, the nurse recognizes the patient is using which defense mechanism?
Compensation
Rationalization
Regression
Projection
The Correct Answer is B
A. Compensation involves offsetting perceived deficiencies by excelling in other areas. The patient claiming weight gain is due to fluid retention is not trying to make up for a perceived weakness or deficiency; instead, they are explaining their behavior in a way that deflects responsibility.
B. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where a person provides logical or reasonable-sounding explanations for behaviors or situations that are actually motivated by irrational or emotional factors. In this case, the patient who overeats is rationalizing their weight gain by attributing it to fluid retention rather than addressing the underlying issue of overeating. This allows them to avoid facing the real cause of their weight gain.
C. Regression involves reverting to earlier stages of development or behavior when faced with stress. For instance, an adult might act childishly when under pressure. The patient in this scenario is not behaving in a more immature or childlike manner but is rather giving an excuse for their behavior.
D. Projection involves attributing one's own undesirable thoughts or feelings to others. For example, someone who is untrustworthy might accuse others of being untrustworthy. The patient in this scenario is not attributing their own issues to others but is offering an excuse for their own behavior.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is True
Explanation
The NHS provides comprehensive health care services to all residents, which includes hospital, physician, and mental health care. It is primarily funded through general taxation, ensuring that such services are largely free at the point of use for individuals residing in England. This system emphasizes the right to access care without discrimination and within certain time limits for categories like emergency and planned hospital care. For those "ordinarily resident" in England, this includes a standard benefit package that covers most health care needs, with certain exceptions like some aspects of dental and eye care.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While adolescents may have a high rate of suicide attempts, their attempts are not typically as fatal as those in older adults. This is often due to less lethal methods being used, lower intent, and less access to means. Suicide attempts among adolescents tend to have a lower success rate compared to older adults.
B. Young adults also have a notable rate of suicide attempts, but the lethality of these attempts is generally lower compared to older adults. The methods used by young adults may not be as immediately fatal or decisive as those used by older adults.
C. Older adults have a higher success rate in suicide attempts, with a significant portion of attempts resulting in death. One reason for this is that older adults are more likely to use highly lethal methods, such as firearms or overdoses of medication. Additionally, older adults may have a more determined intent to die, and their methods are often more effective at causing death.
D. Middle-aged adults do have a significant rate of suicide attempts, and their attempts are more likely to be fatal than those of adolescents or young adults. However, the success rate is still generally lower than that of older adults.
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