What will the nurse educate the client being prescribed statin medications about with regards to lifestyle modifications? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
Maintain healthy weight
Avoid cigarettes and other nicotine products
Importance of regular exercise
Positive stress management techniques
Healthy low fat diet options
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A reason: Maintaining a healthy weight is important for lowering cholesterol levels and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Obesity is associated with higher levels of LDL-cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol) and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (the "good" cholesterol). Losing weight can improve these ratios and lower blood pressure. ¹
Choice B reason: Avoiding cigarettes and other nicotine products is essential for preventing cardiovascular disease. Smoking damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Smoking also lowers HDL-cholesterol and raises triglycerides, another type of fat in the blood. Quitting smoking can improve cholesterol levels and lower the risk of heart attack and stroke. ²
Choice C reason: Importance of regular exercise is another key factor for improving cholesterol levels and cardiovascular health. Exercise helps to lower LDL-cholesterol and raise HDL-cholesterol, as well as lower blood pressure and blood sugar. Exercise also strengthens the heart muscle and improves blood flow. The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week, or a combination of both. ³
Choice D reason: Positive stress management techniques are not directly related to cholesterol levels or statin medications, but they may have some benefits for cardiovascular health. Stress can increase blood pressure and heart rate, and may trigger unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, drinking, or overeating. Stress can also affect the immune system and inflammation, which may contribute to atherosclerosis. Learning to cope with stress in healthy ways, such as meditation, yoga, breathing exercises, or counseling, may help to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. ⁴
Choice E reason: Healthy low fat diet options are an important part of lowering cholesterol levels and preventing cardiovascular disease. A diet that is high in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol can raise LDL-cholesterol and lower HDL-cholesterol. A diet that is low in fat and high in fiber, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can lower LDL-cholesterol and raise HDL-cholesterol. Some foods, such as oats, nuts, soy, and fish, may have additional benefits for cholesterol levels. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["2.8"]
Explanation
Convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms:
154 lb ÷ 2.2 = 70 kg
Calculate the dose of pentamidine:
4 mg/kg × 70 kg = 280 mg
Determine the volume to be administered:
We have 100 mg/mL concentration of pentamidine.
280 mg ÷ 100 mg/mL = 2.8 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer 2.8 mL of pentamidine to the client.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because fluids should not be limited to 1000 mL daily for a client taking hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that causes the body to lose water and salt through urine. Limiting fluids can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and kidney damage. The client should drink enough fluids to prevent thirst and dry mouth, and follow the doctor's advice on fluid intake.
Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because this medication is not best taken at night for a client taking hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide can cause frequent urination, which can disrupt the sleep cycle and cause fatigue. The client should take this medication in the morning or at least 4 hours before bedtime to avoid nocturia (nighttime urination).
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because dairy products should not be avoided while on this medication for a client taking hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide can lower the level of calcium in the blood, which can cause muscle weakness, cramps, and osteoporosis. Dairy products are a good source of calcium and can help prevent calcium deficiency. The client should consume adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D, and have their blood calcium level checked regularly.
Choice D reason: This choice is correct because the client should consume high potassium foods such as bananas and oranges while on this medication. Hydrochlorothiazide can lower the level of potassium in the blood, which can cause irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness, and numbness. Potassium-rich foods can help prevent potassium deficiency and maintain normal heart and muscle function. The client should also have their blood potassium level checked regularly and avoid salt substitutes that contain potassium.
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