What prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution?
The presence of chloroplasts
A plant cell will not burst in a hypotonic solution because water is moving out of the cell
Chloroplasts that help pump the excess water out of the cell
The plasma membrane
The cell wall
The Correct Answer is E
Choice A rationale: The presence of chloroplasts is incorrect because chloroplasts are organelles that perform photosynthesis, not osmosis. Chloroplasts do not affect the water balance of the cell.
Choice B rationale: A plant cell will not burst in a hypotonic solution because water is moving out of the cell is incorrect because water moves into the cell in a hypotonic solution, not out of it. A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, so water flows from the solution to the cell by osmosis.
Choice C rationale: Chloroplasts that help pump the excess water out of the cell is incorrect because chloroplasts do not have any role in pumping water out of the cell. The cell uses active transport to pump out excess water, which requires energy from ATP, not chloroplasts.
Choice D rationale: The plasma membrane is incorrect because the plasma membrane is permeable to water, so it cannot prevent water from entering the cell. The plasma membrane only regulates the passage of solutes, not water.
Choice E rationale: The cell wall is correct because the cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the plasma membrane and provides mechanical support to the cell. The cell wall can withstand the pressure of water entering the cell and prevent the cell from bursting. The cell wall is made of cellulose, a polysaccharide that is resistant to water.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Proteins contain nitrogen, but this is not the reason why they cannot pass through plasma membranes. Nitrogen is a common element in many organic molecules, including nucleic acids and amino acids, which can cross the membrane under certain conditions.
Choice B rationale: Proteins do not cause emulsification, which is the process of breaking down large fat droplets into smaller ones. Emulsification is facilitated by bile salts, which are amphipathic molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. Proteins are not amphipathic, and they do not interact with fats in this way.
Choice C rationale: The membrane is made of protein, but this does not prevent proteins from passing through it. The membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which can act as channels, carriers, receptors, or enzymes for various substances. Some proteins can cross the membrane by using these transport proteins, or by endocytosis or exocytosis.
Choice D rationale: Proteins are very large molecules, and this is the main reason why they cannot pass through plasma membranes. The size of a molecule determines its permeability across the membrane, and proteins are too big to diffuse through the small gaps between the phospholipids or the pores of the transport proteins. Proteins can only cross the membrane by vesicular transport, which requires energy and specific signals.
Choice E rationale: Proteins do not bind to the phospholipids, which are the main components of the membrane. Phospholipids are also amphipathic molecules, with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. Proteins are generally hydrophilic, and they do not associate with the hydrophobic core of the membrane. Proteins can bind to other proteins or carbohydrates on the surface of the membrane, but this does not affect their ability to cross it.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Microwaves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with low energy and long wavelengths. They are not absorbed by plants for photosynthesis, but rather pass through them or are reflected by them¹.
Choice B rationale: Infrared is a type of electromagnetic radiation with low energy and long wavelengths. It is not absorbed by plants for photosynthesis, but rather heats up the plant tissues or is reflected by them².
Choice C rationale: Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with high energy and short wavelengths. They are not absorbed by plants for photosynthesis, but rather damage the plant cells or are blocked by the atmosphere³.
Choice D rationale: Ultraviolet is a type of electromagnetic radiation with high energy and short wavelengths. It is not absorbed by plants for photosynthesis, but rather harms the plant pigments or is filtered by the ozone layer⁴.
Choice E rationale: Visible light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with moderate energy and wavelengths. It is the only form of electromagnetic radiation that is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis, specifically by the pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids in the photosystems⁵. Visible light consists of a spectrum of colors, ranging from violet to red, and plants use different colors for different aspects of photosynthesis⁶.
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