What document contains a clients' written wishes about health care if they are unable to make decisions for themselves?

A local politician is admitted after an automobile accident in which he was inebriated.
Breaching confidentiality might be necessary in this situation due to public safety concerns and legal obligations. If the politician was inebriated, it could imply illegal activity (driving under the influence) and could endanger others on the road. Reporting this to the appropriate authorities might be required by law.

An 18-year-old unwed teenager seeks abortion at an abortion clinic.
In most cases, healthcare providers are bound by confidentiality, even for sensitive issues like abortion. However, laws regarding confidentiality can vary by location, so nurses should be aware of local regulations. Typically, a teenager's confidentiality might be breached only if there's a concern for the minor's safety (such as abuse) or if there are specific local laws requiring parental involvement.

A 32-year-old housewife comes to the emergency room for care after being raped in a parking lot.
Healthcare providers, including nurses, must preserve the confidentiality of patients who have experienced sexual assault. Breaching confidentiality without the patient's consent in this situation would not be ethical and could deter survivors from seeking help.

An important member of the business community is treated for cuts and bruises after fighting with his neighbor.
The patient's status in the community does not justify breaching confidentiality. Healthcare providers are generally obligated to maintain patient confidentiality regardless of the person's social or economic status.

Living Will: A living will is a legal document that outlines a person's preferences regarding medical treatment and interventions, especially those that sustain or prolong life. It specifies the individual's wishes regarding treatments like resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, and organ donation. This document only comes into effect if the person becomes unable to communicate their wishes due to incapacity.

Client's Bill of Rights: A Client's Bill of Rights outlines the rights and responsibilities of individuals receiving medical care. It includes aspects such as the right to informed consent, confidentiality, and respectful treatment. While it asserts patients' rights, it doesn't specifically detail their medical treatment preferences in the same way a living will does.

Welfare Rights: Welfare rights generally refer to the rights of individuals or families to receive government assistance or support, particularly in terms of financial aid, housing, and healthcare. This concept is broader and pertains to social and economic assistance, not specifically healthcare decision-making.

Informed Consent: Informed consent is the process by which a healthcare provider explains the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a medical intervention to a patient, ensuring the patient understands the information provided. While essential for medical procedures, it doesn't necessarily cover broader healthcare decisions in the same way a living will does.