The parents of a child with Wilms tumor ask the nurse why surgery is necessary before a biopsy is performed. Which information should the nurse provide?
Biopsy may rupture the encapsulated tumor and cause the cancer cells to spread.
Metal clips are surgically applied at the tumor site for exact marking for radiation.
Surgery is necessary to stage the tumor and determine metastasis to other sites.
The surgery provides a visualization of other pathology and dysfunction of the kidney.
The Correct Answer is A
Answer: A. Biopsy may rupture the encapsulated tumor and cause the cancer cells to spread.
Rationale:
A) Biopsy may rupture the encapsulated tumor and cause the cancer cells to spread: This is the primary reason why surgery is performed before a biopsy in cases of Wilms tumor. The tumor is usually encapsulated, and performing a biopsy could risk breaking the capsule, leading to the dissemination of cancer cells into surrounding tissues, which can worsen the prognosis.
B) Metal clips are surgically applied at the tumor site for exact marking for radiation: While marking the tumor site for radiation is important, it is not the primary reason for performing surgery before a biopsy. The main concern is about the potential for cancer cell spread during a biopsy procedure.
C) Surgery is necessary to stage the tumor and determine metastasis to other sites: Although staging is a critical aspect of cancer management, the urgency of avoiding tumor rupture and subsequent spread is more pressing in this context. The surgery may assist in staging, but that is not the primary reason for immediate surgical intervention.
D) The surgery provides a visualization of other pathology and dysfunction of the kidney: While the surgical procedure may provide additional information about the kidney's condition, the most significant concern regarding Wilms tumor is preventing tumor rupture and the consequent spread of cancer cells, making this option less relevant.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The nurse should instruct the mother to place the child in a quiet environment first. Kawasaki disease is an illness that can cause inflammation in the blood vessels and can lead to symptoms such as irritability and skin peeling. Placing the child in a quiet environment can help reduce stimulation and promote rest, which can help improve the child's symptoms. The other options (A, B, and D) may also be helpful, but placing the child in a quiet environment is a key intervention in this situation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Acute rheumatic fever is a serious inflammatory condition that can develop after a streptococcal infection, particularly if the infection is not treated or resolved properly. The most common initial symptom of acute rheumatic fever is a sore throat, which is usually accompanied by a fever and swollen lymph nodes.
While mumps, chickenpox, and influenza are all infectious diseases, they are not directly linked to the development of acute rheumatic fever. However, a recent or untreated streptococcal infection (such as strep throat) can lead to the development of acute rheumatic fever.
Therefore, when obtaining a health history from a child with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever, it is most significant to inquire about recent or untreated sore throat, as this is the most likely cause of the condition.
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