The nurse would recognize which of the following as non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

To calculate the dose of ondansetron that the nurse should administer, we can follow these steps:

Convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms:

132 lb ÷ 2.2 = 60 kg

Calculate the dose of ondansetron:

0.15 mg/kg × 60 kg = 9 mg

Determine the volume of ondansetron needed using the available concentration:

9 mg ÷ 2 mg/mL = 4.5 mL

Rounding to the nearest tenth, the nurse should administer 4.5 mL of ondansetron via IV.

Choice A reason: This choice is correct because captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can cause fetal harm or death if used during pregnancy. Captopril can affect the development of the baby's kidneys, lungs, skull, and blood vessels. The nurse should advise the patient to use effective contraception while taking captopril and to inform the provider as soon as possible if she becomes pregnant or plans to become pregnant. The provider may switch the patient to a safer medication for blood pressure control during pregnancy.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because facial swelling is a serious side effect of captopril that may indicate angioedema, a life-threatening allergic reaction that causes swelling of the face, lips, tongue, throat, or airway. The nurse should instruct the patient to stop taking captopril and seek emergency medical attention if she develops facial swelling or any signs of difficulty breathing, such as wheezing, stridor, or cyanosis. Reducing the dose of captopril will not prevent or treat angioedema.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because captopril can be taken with or without food, depending on the patient's preference and tolerance. Food may decrease the absorption of captopril, but this effect is not clinically significant for most patients. The nurse should advise the patient to take captopril at the same time each day, preferably one hour before meals, to maintain consistent blood levels and effects.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because captopril is unlikely to cause anaphylaxis, a severe and potentially fatal allergic reaction that involves multiple organ systems. Anaphylaxis can cause symptoms such as hives, itching, flushing, swelling, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, low blood pressure, fast heart rate, and shock. The nurse should instruct the patient to carry an epi pen only if she has a history of anaphylaxis or a severe allergy to another substance. .