The nurse recognizes that an older adult patient with COPD has a higher incidence of developing which age-related skeletal change that will alter the ability to exchange air effectively?

Osteomyelitis

Osteoporosis

Kyphosis

Arthritis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Osteomyelitis: Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone and does not directly impact the skeletal changes affecting lung function.

B. Osteoporosis: While osteoporosis affects bone density and may cause fractures, it is not specifically linked to changes in lung function related to skeletal changes.

C. Kyphosis: Kyphosis, or excessive curvature of the thoracic spine, can compress the thoracic cavity and reduce lung expansion, which impacts effective air exchange in COPD patients.

D. Arthritis: Arthritis affects joint function but does not have a direct impact on the skeletal changes that alter lung function like kyphosis does.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Very disruptive to a person in society: This description is judgmental and not specific to documenting behavior objectively.

B. Differing from socially acceptable behavior: Documenting behavior as differing from socially acceptable norms provides an objective, non-judgmental account of the patient’s behavior.

C. Causing the person to be involved in problems: This focuses on the outcomes of the behavior rather than describing the behavior itself.

D. Resulting from an inability to exercise control: This may imply a lack of control but does not objectively describe the behavior for documentation purposes.

A. Fever B. A decrease in venous return C. Orthostatic hypotension D. Dehydration

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Fever: Fever can cause weakness or dizziness, but it is not a sudden cause of falling when getting up.
B. A decrease in venous return can contribute to orthostatic hypotension but is not a direct cause on its own.
C. Orthostatic hypotension is a common cause of sudden falls in older adults when they change positions, leading to dizziness or fainting.
D. Dehydration can lead to orthostatic hypotension but is not as direct a cause of sudden falls when getting up as orthostatic hypotension itself.

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The nurse recognizes that an older adult patient with COPD has a higher incidence of developing which age-related skeletal change that will alter the ability to exchange air effectively?

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