The nurse receives a health care provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from D5. half-normal saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this IV prescription change?

Sodium level of 136 mEq/L, potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L.

Sodium level of 145 mEq/L, potassium level of 4.8 mEq/L.

Sodium level of 135 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L.

Sodium level of 144 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.7 mEq/L.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

The sodium level is within the normal range, but the potassium level is slightly elevated. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.

Choice B rationale:

The sodium level is slightly elevated, and the potassium level is within the normal range. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.

Choice C rationale:

Sodium level of 135 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L is the correct answer. In this option, both sodium and potassium levels are within normal ranges. Changing the IV prescription to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L ensures that the patient receives adequate hydration (from the dextrose and normal saline) without causing hyperkalemia.

Choice D rationale:

The sodium level is slightly elevated, and the potassium level is within the normal range. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The base does interact with acids in the acid-base balance. Bases, by definition, are substances that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) and neutralize acids. In the context of acid-base balance, bases help regulate the pH of body fluids by counteracting the effects of acids.

Choice B rationale:

The role of the base in the acid-base balance is to promote the excretion of acid. Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) are a vital component of the body's buffering system, helping to neutralize excess acid. The kidneys play a crucial role in excreting acids from the body, maintaining the acid-base balance.

Choice C rationale:

The base does not activate the system of acid-base balance; instead, it is part of the body's natural buffering system. The acid-base balance is regulated by the lungs and kidneys, which work together to maintain the pH of body fluids within a narrow range (7.35-7.45)

Choice D rationale:

Bases do not increase the action of hydrogen ions. In fact, bases neutralize hydrogen ions, which are acidic. By accepting these ions, bases help to decrease the acidity of a solution, playing a key role in maintaining the body's acid-base balance.

A. Spasm of a major coronary artery. B. Exposure of the thrombogenic surface to plaque. C. Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease. D. Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Spasm of a major coronary artery, also known as variant (Prinzmetal's) angina, typically occurs at rest and is not necessarily provoked by exertion. The patient's chest pain is exacerbated by exertion, making this choice less likely.

Choice B rationale:

Exposure of the thrombogenic surface to plaque refers to acute coronary syndromes like unstable angina or myocardial infarction. While plaque rupture and thrombosis can cause myocardial ischemia, the characteristic feature of these conditions is chest pain that may not be relieved by rest, unlike the patient described here.

Choice D rationale:

Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease, also known as cardiac syndrome X, is a condition where chest pain occurs without significant coronary artery stenosis. However, this condition usually affects women, and the pain is often unrelated to exertion. In the given case, the pain is provoked by exertion, making this choice less likely.

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The nurse receives a health care provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from D5. half-normal saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this IV prescription change?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which role is attributed to the base in the acid-base balance?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting.Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A female patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with a sudden rise in blood pressure (BP) Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?

The nurse is teaching a patient about the administration of liquid iron supplements. Which response by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with venous leg ulcers.Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education?

A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) values include a pH of 7.48, a PaCO2 of 38, and an HCO3- of 30. Around which acid-base imbalance would the nurse plan the patient's care?

Which manifestation is related to target organ disease from hypertension? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.

A patient reports leg pain that awakens the patient at night.The patient reports that the same pain develops in the legs when they are elevated and disappears when the legs are dangled.Which condition would the nurse suspect?

The nurse receives a health care provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from D5. half-normal saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this IV prescription change?