The nurse recalls that which type of drug therapy is used to treat volume overload in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)?

The client's presentation of chest pain radiating to the left arm, sweating, shortness of breath, epigastric discomfort, cool and diaphoretic skin, tachycardia, and ST elevation on the electrocardiogram (ECG) are indicative of myocardial infarction (heart attack). These symptoms and findings are typical of acute coronary syndrome, specifically an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Option A (Ischemic Stroke) is not the correct answer because the symptoms described in the client's presentation are primarily related to the cardiovascular system and not indicative of an ischemic stroke.

Option B (Chronic Stable Angina) is not the correct answer because chronic stable angina typically presents with chest pain on exertion or stress, and it usually subsides with rest or nitroglycerin. The client's symptoms of chest pain at rest, along with other findings, are more concerning for an acute cardiac event like a myocardial infarction.

Option D (Cardiogenic Shock) is a severe complication that can occur following a myocardial infarction, but the information provided in the scenario does not suggest that the client is in cardiogenic shock at this time. The client's blood pressure is not mentioned in the scenario, which is a crucial parameter to assess for cardiogenic shock.

Among the given options, the assessment data that indicate the need for immediate action by the nurse is a blood pressure of 103/54 mm Hg. This blood pressure reading indicates hypotension, which can be concerning for a post-angioplasty patient.

Angioplasty with stent placement is an invasive procedure, and patients may experience fluctuations in blood pressure during the immediate post-operative period. Hypotension after angioplasty can be a sign of inadequate cardiac output, which may be due to issues like bleeding, fluid loss, or heart dysfunction. Inadequate blood pressure can lead to decreased perfusion to vital organs, including the heart itself, and can be life-threatening.

Options A, B, and D are also important to address:

A) Heart rate 102 beats/min: A heart rate of 102 beats per minute may indicate tachycardia, which can be expected after a procedure like angioplasty. However, it is not as urgent of a concern as hypotension, and it may be a normal compensatory response to the body's stress.

B) Report of chest pain: Chest pain after angioplasty can be common, but it should be evaluated further to ensure it is not indicative of complications such as coronary artery spasms, clot formation, or restenosis of the treated artery. While this is an important issue to address, it does not take precedence over hypotension.

D) Pedal pulses 1+ bilaterally: This finding suggests that the peripheral pulses in the feet are weak, and it could be related to the patient's medical condition, medications, or positioning. While it requires attention, it is not an immediate threat to the patient's life compared to severe hypotension.

Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing and addressing the low blood pressure to prevent further complications and ensure the patient's stability. The nurse should promptly notify the healthcare provider and implement appropriate interventions, such as administering intravenous fluids, to increase blood pressure to a safe level.