The nurse on the intermediate care unit received a change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first?

52-yr-old with a blood pressure of 198/90 mm Hg who has intermittent claudication.

48-yr-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain.

43-yr-old with a blood pressure of 172/98 mm Hg whose urine shows microalbuminuria.

50-yr-old with a blood pressure of 190/104 mm Hg who has a creatinine of 1.7 mg/dL.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Among the four patients with hypertension, the nurse should assess the patient in option B first, the 48-year-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain.

Chest pain is a potentially serious symptom that could indicate an acute cardiac event, such as angina or a heart attack. Given that the patient has hypertension and is experiencing chest pain, the nurse must prioritize this assessment to rule out any cardiac-related complications or other urgent issues.

While all the other patients have elevated blood pressure readings, they have additional symptoms or conditions that indicate potential complications related to their hypertension. However, chest pain is a red flag that requires immediate attention and further assessment to determine its cause and provide appropriate interventions promptly.

Option A, the 52-year-old with a blood pressure of 198/90 mm Hg who has intermittent claudication, may have peripheral vascular disease or other vascular issues related to hypertension, but it is not as acutely concerning as chest pain.

Option C, the 43-year-old with a blood pressure of 172/98 mm Hg whose urine shows microalbuminuria, may have early signs of kidney involvement due to hypertension, which is significant and requires attention but may not be as immediately urgent as chest pain.

Option D, the 50-year-old with a blood pressure of 190/104 mm Hg who has a creatinine of 1.7 mg/dL, may have signs of kidney impairment related to hypertension, which is also significant but may not be as acutely urgent as chest pain.

In summary, the nurse should prioritize the assessment of the patient experiencing chest pain (option B) to address any potential cardiac-related issues promptly and ensure appropriate management and intervention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Among the given laboratory test results for a client with recently diagnosed hypertension, the most important result to communicate to the health care provider is option (A), "Serum creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL."

Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function, and a value of 2.8 mg/dL indicates elevated creatinine levels. Elevated serum creatinine is a concerning finding, as it suggests decreased kidney function or kidney impairment. Hypertension can have a significant impact on the kidneys, and kidney damage is a common complication of uncontrolled high blood pressure.

The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by excreting waste products and excess fluids from the body. When kidney function is compromised due to hypertension, it can further worsen the blood pressure control, leading to a vicious cycle of kidney damage and worsening hypertension.

Option (B), "Serum hemoglobin of 14.7 g/dL," is within the normal range and does not indicate an immediate concern related to the client's hypertension.

Option (C), "Blood glucose level of 96 mg/dL," is also within the normal range for blood glucose and may not be directly related to the client's hypertension.

Option (D), "Serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L," is within the normal range. While potassium levels are essential to monitor, they are not the most critical concern compared to kidney function in this context.

The elevated serum creatinine level suggests a potential complication of hypertension, namely kidney damage or decreased kidney function. Therefore, it is essential to communicate this finding promptly to the health care provider for further evaluation and appropriate management to address the client's kidney health and optimize blood pressure control.

A. Need to begin an aerobic exercise program several times weekly B. Use of salt substitutes to replace table salt when cooking and at the table C. Importance of making an annual appointment with the health care provider D. Benefits and effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Discharge teaching for a client with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction should prioritize education about medications that are essential in managing heart failure, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

ACE inhibitors are a class of medications commonly prescribed to heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. They work by dilating blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart, and improving the heart's pumping ability. They are one of the cornerstones of heart failure management and have been shown to reduce symptoms, improve quality of life, and prolong survival in heart failure patients.

Educating the client about the benefits and effects of ACE inhibitors is crucial to promote medication adherence and ensure they understand the importance of taking this medication as prescribed. Common side effects, such as dizziness or dry cough, should also be discussed so the client knows what to expect and when to notify their healthcare provider.

While the other options may also be relevant to a client with heart failure, including starting an aerobic exercise program (A), reducing salt intake (B), and scheduling regular follow-up appointments (C), the immediate priority in discharge teaching should be about the medication regimen and the specific benefits and effects of ACE inhibitors. Other aspects of heart failure management can be addressed during the overall education and follow-up sessions.

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The nurse on the intermediate care unit received a change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which result is most important to communicate to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a client who has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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