Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change by a client with chest pain is most important for the nurse to report rapidly to the health care provider?

First-degree atrioventricular block

Inverted P wave

Sinus Tachycardia

ST-segment elevation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

ST-segment elevation on an electrocardiogram (ECG) is a critical finding and should be reported rapidly to the health care provider. It is a hallmark ECG change seen in myocardial infarction (heart attack). When there is myocardial ischemia or injury (such as in a heart attack), the ST segment

elevates above the baseline in the affected leads of the ECG. This elevation indicates that there is an ongoing loss of oxygen and blood supply to a part of the heart muscle.

ST-segment elevation is a medical emergency because it suggests acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which can rapidly progress to a myocardial infarction if not promptly treated. Immediate intervention is needed to restore blood flow to the affected coronary artery and prevent further damage to the heart muscle.

The other options listed (A) First-degree atrioventricular block, (B) Inverted P wave, and (C) Sinus tachycardia, while significant in some situations, do not have the same urgency as ST-segment elevation in the context of chest pain. They may require medical attention, but they do not typically indicate an acute myocardial infarction or an immediate life-threatening condition. ST-segment elevation is a critical finding that requires rapid intervention to preserve heart muscle function and prevent complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Hemodialysis is a treatment used to remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood in individuals with kidney failure or chronic kidney disease. The primary purpose of hemodialysis is to filter and clear the blood of waste products that the kidneys can no longer remove adequately. As a result, one of the key indicators that hemodialysis is having the desired effect is a decrease in serum creatinine levels. Creatinine is a waste product that builds up in the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly. A decrease in serum creatinine indicates that the dialysis treatment is effectively removing waste products from the blood.

Weight loss is also a positive sign after hemodialysis since it indicates that excess fluid is being removed from the body. In individuals with kidney failure, the kidneys cannot adequately remove extra fluid, leading to fluid retention and weight gain. Hemodialysis helps to eliminate this excess fluid, leading to weight loss and reducing the risk of fluid overload-related complications.

The other options listed (decreased hematocrit and diuresis, increased potassium level and improved appetite, and decreased white blood cell count and diaphoresis) are not direct indicators of the effectiveness of hemodialysis in removing waste products and excess fluid from the blood.

A. The client's peritoneal effluent appears cloudy. B. The client has an outflow volume of 1800 mL. C. The client has abdominal pain during the inflow phase. D. The client's abdomen appears bloated after the inflow.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Cloudy peritoneal effluent may indicate infection or peritonitis, which is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. The nurse should report this finding promptly to the health care provider for further evaluation and intervention.

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Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change by a client with chest pain is most important for the nurse to report rapidly to the health care provider?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding of a patient with chronic kidney disease indicates to the nurse that hemodialysis is having the desired effect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A female client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving peritoneal dialysis with 2-L inflows. Which information should the nurse report promptly to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse identifies that a patient with chronic kidney disease is at risk for which electrolyte disturbance?

During the 48 hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), a nurse should assign the highest priority to monitoring the patient for what complication?

A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?

After receiving change-of-shift report on a heart failure unit, which client should the nurse assess first?

A client recovering from heart surgery develops pericarditis and reports level 6 (0 to 10 scale) chest pain with deep breathing. Which prescribed PRN medication will be the most appropriate for the nurse to give?

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?

The nurse recalls that which type of drug therapy is used to treat volume overload in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)?

The nurse is assessing a client who has been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a hypertensive emergency. Which finding is most important to report to the health care provider?