The nurse plans of care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?
Bone demineralization
Fat embolism syndrome
Muscle atrophy
Renal calculi
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bone demineralization occurs over a longer period of immobilization and is not a primary concern within the first 24 to 48 hours following a fracture.
B. Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication that can occur within 24 to 48 hours after a long bone fracture, especially a femur fracture. Fat droplets from the bone marrow can enter the bloodstream, leading to embolism in the lungs, brain, or heart, causing symptoms such as respiratory distress, confusion, and petechial rash.
C. Muscle atrophy is a concern with prolonged immobility, but it develops over a longer period of time, not within the first 24 to 48 hours after a fracture.
D. Renal calculi (kidney stones) are more commonly associated with long-term immobility or dehydration, not an immediate complication following a fracture.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heart murmur: While heart murmurs can occur in various cardiac conditions, they are not a hallmark finding of right-sided heart failure. Murmurs are typically associated with valvular heart disease or structural abnormalities.
B. Chest pain: Chest pain can be a symptom of various heart conditions, but it is not a typical or defining feature of right-sided heart failure.
C. Crackles in lungs: Crackles are more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure, where fluid backs up into the lungs, leading to pulmonary congestion.
D. Peripheral edema: Right-sided heart failure leads to the backup of blood in the systemic circulation, which can cause fluid retention and peripheral edema, especially in the lower extremities. This is a classic sign of right-sided heart failure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Administering antibiotics is the priority intervention for acute osteomyelitis. The infection needs to be treated promptly to prevent further bone destruction and complications. Antibiotic therapy is essential in managing the infection and promoting healing.
B. Providing antipyretic therapy is important for managing fever, but it is secondary to treating the infection itself with antibiotics.
C. Increasing protein intake is beneficial for overall healing, but it is not the priority in the acute phase of osteomyelitis. The immediate concern is treating the infection.
D. Teaching relaxation breathing may help manage pain, but it does not address the underlying infection. The priority is to administer antibiotics to treat the osteomyelitis.
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