The nurse plans of care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?
Bone demineralization
Fat embolism syndrome
Muscle atrophy
Renal calculi
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bone demineralization occurs over a longer period of immobilization and is not a primary concern within the first 24 to 48 hours following a fracture.
B. Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication that can occur within 24 to 48 hours after a long bone fracture, especially a femur fracture. Fat droplets from the bone marrow can enter the bloodstream, leading to embolism in the lungs, brain, or heart, causing symptoms such as respiratory distress, confusion, and petechial rash.
C. Muscle atrophy is a concern with prolonged immobility, but it develops over a longer period of time, not within the first 24 to 48 hours after a fracture.
D. Renal calculi (kidney stones) are more commonly associated with long-term immobility or dehydration, not an immediate complication following a fracture.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While aspirin has analgesic properties, it is not primarily used for pain relief in the case of myocardial infarction (MI). Its main role in MI is to reduce the risk of further clot formation.
B. Aspirin has anti-inflammatory properties, but in the case of MI, its primary role is not inflammation reduction but rather preventing platelet aggregation.
C. Aspirin acts as an antiplatelet aggregate, which is its key action in preventing the formation of blood clots. This is crucial for patients with a history of MI, as it helps reduce the risk of further clot-related events, such as a recurrent MI or stroke.
D. Aspirin does have antipyretic effects, but this is not the primary reason for its use in MI.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"}}
Explanation
Obtain intravenous access: Anticipated
- Rationale: Intravenous access is essential for administering medications and fluids, especially in emergency situations.
Thoracentesis: Contraindicated
- Rationale: Thoracentesis is typically used to remove fluid from the pleural space, not air. For a pneumothorax, other interventions are more appropriate.
Prepare for insertion of a chest tube: Anticipated
- Rationale: Inserting a chest tube is a common and effective treatment for a pneumothorax to remove air from the pleural space and allow the lung to re-expand.
Obtain ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases): Anticipated
- Rationale: ABGs are important to assess the client's respiratory status and the extent of hypoxemia or hypercapnia.
Computed tomography of the chest: Non-essential
- Rationale: While a CT scan can provide detailed images, it is not immediately necessary for the diagnosis and initial management of a pneumothorax. A chest X-ray is usually sufficient.
Pulmonary function tests: Contraindicated
- Rationale: Pulmonary function tests are not appropriate in the acute setting of a pneumothorax as they can exacerbate the condition and are not useful for immediate management
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